后端开发|Python教程
PyQT,切换,实现
后端开发-Python教程
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了PyQT实现多窗口切换的方法，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
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最近做个软件，用PyQT写的，在实现菜单栏点击弹出新窗口的时候严重被卡壳，发现用WxPython的思想和方式来做完全无法实现。PyQT的中文资料实在是太少了。看了点英文资料和QT的资料，逆推PyQT的实现方法，总算搞定。下面是一个小demo。
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主界面的代码如下所示：
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui from dialog1 import Dialog1 from dialog2 import Dialog2 import sys try: _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 except AttributeError: def _fromUtf8(s):return s try: _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 def _translate(context, text, disambig):return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) except AttributeError: def _translate(context, text, disambig):return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) class MainWindow(QtGui.QWidget): dialog1_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()#定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 dialog2_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()#定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 exit_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()#定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号def __init__(self):super(MainWindow,self).__init__() def setupUi(self, Form):Form.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Form"))Form.resize(400, 300)self.form = Formself.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Form)self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 90, 75, 23))self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))self.pushButton_2 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form)self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(240, 90, 75, 23))self.pushButton_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_2"))self.pushButton_3 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form)self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 160, 75, 23))self.pushButton_3.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_3"))self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Form)self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 40, 54, 16))self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label"))self.retranslateUi(Form)QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)#信号连接到指定槽self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked)self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_2_clicked)self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_3_clicked) def retranslateUi(self, Form):Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form", None))self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog1", None))self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog2", None))self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("Form", "退出", None))self.label.setText(_translate("Form", "主窗体", None)) def on_pushButton_clicked(self):self.form.hide()Form1 = QtGui.QDialog()ui = Dialog1()ui.setupUi(Form1)Form1.show()Form1.exec_()self.form.show() def on_pushButton_3_clicked(self, Form):#QtCore.QObject.connect( self.pushButton_3, QtCore.SIGNAL("clicked()"), self, QtCore.SLOT(quit()))#也可以这样self.form.close() def on_pushButton_2_clicked(self):self.form.close()Form1 = QtGui.QDialog()ui = Dialog2()ui.setupUi(Form1)Form1.show()Form1.exec_()self.form.show() if __name__ == \__main__: app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) Form = QtGui.QWidget() window = MainWindow() window.setupUi(Form) Form.show()sys.exit(app.exec_()) pass
Dialog1界面的代码如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui try: _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 except AttributeError: def _fromUtf8(s):return s try: _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 def _translate(context, text, disambig):return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) except AttributeError: def _translate(context, text, disambig):return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) class Dialog1(QtGui.QWidget): def setupUi(self, Dialog):Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog"))Dialog.resize(400, 300)self.form = Dialogself.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog)self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 50, 54, 12))self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label"))self.dialog1_pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog)self.dialog1_pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 130, 75, 23))self.dialog1_pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))self.retranslateUi(Dialog)QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)#信号连接到指定槽self.dialog1_pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked) def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None))self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog1", None))self.dialog1_pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None)) def on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked(self):self.form.close() if __name__ == "__main__": import sys app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) Dialog = QtGui.QDialog() ui = Dialog1() ui.setupUi(Dialog) Dialog.show() sys.exit(app.exec_()) Dialog2界面的代码如下：[python] view plain copy# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui try: _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 except AttributeError: def _fromUtf8(s):return s try: _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 def _translate(context, text, disambig):return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) except AttributeError: def _translate(context, text, disambig):return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) class Dialog2(object): def setupUi(self, Dialog):Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog"))Dialog.resize(400, 300)self.form = Dialogself.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog)self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 60, 54, 12))self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label"))self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog)self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 140, 75, 23))self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))self.retranslateUi(Dialog)QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)#信号连接到指定槽self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked) def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None))self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog2", None))self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None)) def on_pushButton_clicked(self):self.form .close() if __name__ == "__main__": import sys app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) Dialog = QtGui.QDialog() ui = Dialog2() ui.setupUi(Dialog) Dialog.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
按钮绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，使用的槽连接方式为：
self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked)
如果是Menu项绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，则应使用的槽连接方式为：
QtCore.QObject.connect(self.set_value_menu, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("triggered()")), self.open_set_value_form)
二者使用的槽处理函数基本一致。
若不显示原界面，只需将原界面hide()即可，如：
self.form.hide()
若需在弹出新窗口时同时原窗口保持可见，则不需这一步。且在这种情况下，若要原窗口可选为顶层窗体，则在显示新窗口时应使用show()：
Form1.show()
若新窗口为固定的顶层窗体，原窗体被遮盖，则应使用exec_()：
Form1.exec_()
PyQt实现界面翻转切换效果
