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以下文章来源于python数据分析之禅 ，作者鸟哥
折线图是排列在工作表的列或行中的数据可以绘制到折线图中。折线图可以显示随时间（根据常用比例设置）而变化的连续数据，因此非常适用于显示在相等时间间隔下数据的趋势。
下面我给大家介绍一下如何用pyecharts画出各种折线图
1.基本折线图
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLine
x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']
y=[100,200,300,400,500,400,300]
line=(
Line()
.set_global_opts(
tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=False),
xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(type_="category"),
yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
type_="value",
axistick_opts=opts.AxisTickOpts(is_show=True),
splitline_opts=opts.SplitLineOpts(is_show=True),
),
)
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)
.add_yaxis(
series_name="基本折线图",
y_axis=y,
symbol="emptyCircle",
is_symbol_show=True,
label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
)
)
line.render_notebook()
series_name：图形名称
y_axis：数据
symbol：标记的图形，pyecharts提供的类型包括'circle', 'rect', 'roundRect', 'triangle', 'diamond', 'pin', 'arrow', 'none'，也可以通过 'image://url' 设置为图片，其中 URL 为图片的链接。is_symbol_show：是否显示 symbol
2.连接空数据（折线图）
有时候我们要分析的数据存在空缺值，需要进行处理才能画出折线图
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLine
x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']
y=[100,200,300,400,None,400,300]
line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)
.add_yaxis(
series_name="连接空数据（折线图）",
y_axis=y,
is_connect_nones=True
)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-连接空数据"))
)
line.render_notebook()
3.多条折线重叠
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLine
x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']
y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]
y2=[200,300,200,100,200,300,400]
line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)
.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1,symbol="arrow",is_symbol_show=True)
.add_yaxis(series_name="y2线",y_axis=y2)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-多折线重叠"))
)
line.render_notebook()
4.平滑曲线折线图
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLine
x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']
y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]
y2=[200,300,200,100,200,300,400]
line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)
.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1, is_smooth=True)
.add_yaxis(series_name="y2线",y_axis=y2, is_smooth=True)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-多折线重叠"))
)
line.render_notebook()
is_smooth：平滑曲线标志
5.阶梯图
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLine
x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']
y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]
line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)
.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1, is_step=True)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-阶梯图"))
)
line.render_notebook()
is_step：阶梯图参数
6.变换折线的样式
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLinefrom pyecharts.faker importFaker
x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']
y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]
line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)
.add_yaxis("y1",
y1,
symbol="triangle",
symbol_size=30,
linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color="red", width=4, type_="dashed"),
itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(
border_width=3, border_color="yellow", color="blue"),
)
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-ItemStyle"))
)
line.render_notebook()
linestyle_opts:折线样式配置
color设置颜色，width设置宽度
type设置类型，有'solid', 'dashed', 'dotted'三种类型
itemstyle_opts：图元样式配置，border_width设置描边宽度，border_color设置描边颜色，color设置纹理填充颜色
7.折线面积图
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLine
x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']
y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]
y2=[200,300,200,100,200,300,400]
line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)
.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1,areastyle_opts=opts.AreaStyleOpts(opacity=0.5))
.add_yaxis(series_name="y2线",y_axis=y2,areastyle_opts=opts.AreaStyleOpts(opacity=0.5))
.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-多折线重叠"))
)
line.render_notebook()
8.双横坐标折线图
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLinefrom mons.utils importJsCode
js_formatter= """function (params) {
console.log(params);
return '降水量 ' + params.value + (params.seriesData.length ? '：' + params.seriesData[0].data : '');
}"""line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(
xaxis_data=["-1","-2","-3","-4","-5","-6","-7","-8","-9","-10","-11","-12",
]
)
.extend_axis(
xaxis_data=["-1","-2","-3","-4","-5","-6","-7","-8","-9","-10","-11","-12",
],
xaxis=opts.AxisOpts(
type_="category",
axistick_opts=opts.AxisTickOpts(is_align_with_label=True),
axisline_opts=opts.AxisLineOpts(
is_on_zero=False, linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color="#6e9ef1")
),
axispointer_opts=opts.AxisPointerOpts(
is_show=True, label=opts.LabelOpts(formatter=JsCode(js_formatter))
),
),
)
.add_yaxis(
series_name=" 降水量",
is_smooth=True,
symbol="emptyCircle",
is_symbol_show=False,
color="#d14a61",
y_axis=[2.6, 5.9, 9.0, 26.4, 28.7, 70.7, 175.6, 182.2, 48.7, 18.8, 6.0, 2.3],
label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(width=2),
)
.add_yaxis(
series_name=" 降水量",
is_smooth=True,
symbol="emptyCircle",
is_symbol_show=False,
color="#6e9ef1",
y_axis=[3.9, 5.9, 11.1, 18.7, 48.3, 69.2, 231.6, 46.6, 55.4, 18.4, 10.3, 0.7],
label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(width=2),
)
.set_global_opts(
legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(),
tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(trigger="none", axis_pointer_type="cross"),
xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
type_="category",
axistick_opts=opts.AxisTickOpts(is_align_with_label=True),
axisline_opts=opts.AxisLineOpts(
is_on_zero=False, linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color="#d14a61")
),
axispointer_opts=opts.AxisPointerOpts(
is_show=True, label=opts.LabelOpts(formatter=JsCode(js_formatter))
),
),
yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
type_="value",
splitline_opts=opts.SplitLineOpts(
is_show=True, linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(opacity=1)
),
),
)
)
line.render_notebook()
9.用电量随时间变化
importpyecharts.options as optsfrom pyecharts.charts importLine
x_data=["00:00","01:15","02:30","03:45","05:00","06:15","07:30","08:45","10:00","11:15","12:30","13:45","15:00","16:15","17:30","18:45","20:00","21:15","22:30","23:45",
]
y_data=[300,280,250,260,270,300,550,500,400,390,380,390,400,500,600,750,800,700,600,400,
]
line=(
Line()
.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x_data)
.add_yaxis(
series_name="用电量",
y_axis=y_data,
is_smooth=True,
label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(width=2),
)
.set_global_opts(
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="一天用电量分布", subtitle="纯属虚构"),
tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(trigger="axis", axis_pointer_type="cross"),
xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(boundary_gap=False),
yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{value} W"),
splitline_opts=opts.SplitLineOpts(is_show=True),
),
visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(
is_piecewise=True,
dimension=0,
pieces=[
{"lte": 6, "color": "green"},
{"gt": 6, "lte": 8, "color": "red"},
{"gt": 8, "lte": 14, "color": "yellow"},
{"gt": 14, "lte": 17, "color": "red"},
{"gt": 17, "color": "green"},
],
pos_right=0,
pos_bottom=100),
)
.set_series_opts(
markarea_opts=opts.MarkAreaOpts(
data=[
opts.MarkAreaItem(name="早高峰", x=("07:30", "10:00")),
opts.MarkAreaItem(name="晚高峰", x=("17:30", "21:15")),
]
)
)
)
line.render_notebook()
这里给大家介绍几个关键参数：
①visualmap_opts：视觉映射配置项，可以将折线分段并设置标签（is_piecewise），将不同段设置颜色（pieces）；
②markarea_opts：标记区域配置项，data参数可以设置标记区域名称和位置。
