之前大家会发现，字段全部是用英文

其实我们用来进行搜索的，绝大多数，都是中文应用，很少做英文的

默认分词器standard：没有办法对中文进行合理分词的，只是将每个中文字符一个一个的切割开来，比如说中国人 --> 中 国 人

在搜索引擎领域，比较成熟和流行的中文分词起，就是ik分词器

中国人很喜欢吃油条

standard：中 国 人 很 喜 欢 吃 油 条

ik：中国人 很 喜欢 吃 油条

1、在elasticsearch中安装ik中文分词器

因为使用es的版本是5.6.0

（1）git clone /medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik

（2）git checkout tags/v5.6.0

（3）mvn package

或者直接访问/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/tag/v5.6.0去下载

（4）将target/releases/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-5.6.0.zip拷贝到es/plugins/ik目录下

（5）在es/plugins/ik下对elasticsearch-analysis-ik-5.6.0.zip进行解压缩

（6）删掉压缩包，重启es

2、ik分词器基础知识

两种analyzer：ik_max_word、ik_smart，你根据自己的需要自己选，但是一般是选用ik_max_word

ik_max_word: 会将文本做最细粒度的拆分，比如会将“中华人民共和国国歌”拆分为“中华人民共和国,中华人民,中华,华人,人民共和国,人民,人,民,共和国,共和,和,国国,国歌”，会穷尽各种可能的组合；

ik_smart: 会做最粗粒度的拆分，比如会将“中华人民共和国国歌”拆分为“中华人民共和国,国歌”。

ik_smart搜索共和国 --> 中华人民共和国和国歌，就搜不到了

3、ik分词器的使用

删除索引my_index

DELETE /my_index

创建索引，设置text使用ik_max_word

PUT /my_index {"mappings": {"my_type": {"properties": {"text": {"type": "text","analyzer": "ik_max_word"}}}}}

增加数据

POST /my_index/my_type/_bulk{"index": {"_id": "1"} }{"text": "男子偷上万元发红包求交女友 被抓获时仍然单身" }{"index": {"_id": "2"} }{"text": "16岁少女为结婚“变”22岁 7年后想离婚被法院拒绝" }{"index": {"_id": "3"} }{"text": "深圳女孩骑车逆行撞奔驰 遭索赔被吓哭(图)" }{"index": {"_id": "4"} }{"text": "女人对护肤品比对男票好？网友神怼" }{"index": {"_id": "5"} }{"text": "为什么国内的街道招牌用的都是红黄配？" }

响应结果

{"took": 61,"errors": false,"items": [{"index": {"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "1","_version": 1,"result": "created","_shards": {"total": 2,"successful": 1,"failed": 0},"created": true,"status": 201}},{"index": {"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "2","_version": 1,"result": "created","_shards": {"total": 2,"successful": 1,"failed": 0},"created": true,"status": 201}},{"index": {"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "3","_version": 1,"result": "created","_shards": {"total": 2,"successful": 1,"failed": 0},"created": true,"status": 201}},{"index": {"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "4","_version": 1,"result": "created","_shards": {"total": 2,"successful": 1,"failed": 0},"created": true,"status": 201}},{"index": {"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "5","_version": 1,"result": "created","_shards": {"total": 2,"successful": 1,"failed": 0},"created": true,"status": 201}}]}

测试分词器

GET /my_index/_analyze{"text": "男子偷上万元发红包求交女友 被抓获时仍然单身","analyzer": "ik_max_word"}

响应结果

{"tokens": [{"token": "男子","start_offset": 0,"end_offset": 2,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 0},{"token": "偷上","start_offset": 2,"end_offset": 4,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 1},{"token": "上万","start_offset": 3,"end_offset": 5,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 2},{"token": "万元","start_offset": 4,"end_offset": 6,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 3},{"token": "万","start_offset": 4,"end_offset": 5,"type": "TYPE_CNUM","position": 4},{"token": "元","start_offset": 5,"end_offset": 6,"type": "COUNT","position": 5},{"token": "发红包","start_offset": 6,"end_offset": 9,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 6},{"token": "发红","start_offset": 6,"end_offset": 8,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 7},{"token": "红包","start_offset": 7,"end_offset": 9,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 8},{"token": "求","start_offset": 9,"end_offset": 10,"type": "CN_CHAR","position": 9},{"token": "交","start_offset": 10,"end_offset": 11,"type": "CN_CHAR","position": 10},{"token": "女友","start_offset": 11,"end_offset": 13,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 11},{"token": "被","start_offset": 14,"end_offset": 15,"type": "CN_CHAR","position": 12},{"token": "抓获","start_offset": 15,"end_offset": 17,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 13},{"token": "时","start_offset": 17,"end_offset": 18,"type": "CN_CHAR","position": 14},{"token": "仍然","start_offset": 18,"end_offset": 20,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 15},{"token": "单身","start_offset": 20,"end_offset": 22,"type": "CN_WORD","position": 16}]}

查询

GET /my_index/my_type/_search {"query": {"match": {"text": "16岁少女结婚好还是单身好？"}}}

响应结果

{"took": 6,"timed_out": false,"_shards": {"total": 5,"successful": 5,"skipped": 0,"failed": 0},"hits": {"total": 3,"max_score": 2.6093416,"hits": [{"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "2","_score": 2.6093416,"_source": {"text": "16岁少女为结婚“变”22岁 7年后想离婚被法院拒绝"}},{"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "4","_score": 1.3300087,"_source": {"text": "女人对护肤品比对男票好？网友神怼"}},{"_index": "my_index","_type": "my_type","_id": "1","_score": 0.26301134,"_source": {"text": "男子偷上万元发红包求交女友 被抓获时仍然单身"}}]}}