700字范文 > 采用arm-none-eabi-gcc交叉编译工具链以及使用xmake构建 STM32 RT-Thread nano工程笔记

采用arm-none-eabi-gcc交叉编译工具链以及使用xmake构建 STM32 RT-Thread nano工程笔记

时间：2023-11-25 12:29:25

xmake构建工程

由于多余的文件目录太多，所以删除了bsp目录

xmake.lua构建文件编写

-- 设置工程名set_project("stm32_rtt_nano_demo")-- 设置工程版本set_version("1.0.0")add_rules("mode.debug", "mode.release")-- 自定义工具链toolchain("arm-none-eabi")-- 标记为自定义独立工具链set_kind("standalone")-- 定义交叉编译工具链地址，根据工具链的实际位置修改set_sdkdir("C:\\gcc-arm-none-eabi\\10 .10") toolchain_end()target("rtt_thread.elf")-- 编译为二进制程序set_kind("binary") -- 设置使用的交叉编译工具链set_toolchains("arm-none-eabi") -- 设置平台set_plat("cross")-- 设置架构set_arch("m3")-- 设置编译生成程序名字，不设置就会使用target("rtt_thread.elf")里面的名字--set_filename("rtt_thread.elf")add_defines("USE_HAL_DRIVER", -- 使用HAL库"STM32F103xB" -- 参考 libraries\STM32F1xx_HAL\CMSIS\Device\ST\STM32F1xx\Include\stm32f1xx.h 60行进行设置 )-- 添加链接库add_links("c", "m"); -- 或者链接选项添加：-lc -lm -lnosys -lrdimon add_cflags("-Og","-mcpu=cortex-m3","-mthumb","-Wall","-fdata-sections","-ffunction-sections","-g3 -gdwarf-2","--specs=nano.specs", {force = true})add_asflags("-Og","-mcpu=cortex-m3","-mthumb","-x assembler-with-cpp","-Wall","-fdata-sections", "-ffunction-sections","-g3 -gdwarf-2",{force = true})add_ldflags("-Og","-mcpu=cortex-m3","-TSTM32F103C8Tx_FLASH.ld", -- 不同芯片需要修改链接脚本 STM32F103XE_FLASH.ld STM32F103C8Tx_FLASH.ld"-Wl,--gc-sections","--specs=nosys.specs","--specs=nano.specs", -- 减小代码尺寸"-u _printf_float", -- 支持printf打印浮点数{force = true})-- 源文件和头文件路径local src_path = {"applications","drivers","libraries/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src","drivers/bsp",}-- 头文件路径local inc_path = {"applications","drivers","drivers/bsp","libraries/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc","libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include","libraries/CMSIS/Include","config",}-- RT-Thread source fileslocal rtt_src = {"rt-thread/src","rt-thread/libcpu/arm/cortex-m3","rt-thread/components/finsh",}-- RT-Thread header fileslocal rtt_inc = {"rt-thread/include","rt-thread","rt-thread/components/finsh","rt-thread/components/drivers/include/drivers"}-- RT-Thread 线程调度相关的汇编文件add_files("rt-thread/libcpu/arm/cortex-m3/context_gcc.S")-- 添加启动文件(根据芯片选择) add_files("startup_stm32f103xb.s");for _, dir in ipairs(src_path) do -- 遍历 src_pathadd_files(dir.."/*.c"); endfor _, dir in ipairs(rtt_src) do -- 遍历 rtt_srcadd_files(dir.."/*.c"); end-- 添加头文件路径for _, inc in ipairs(inc_path) doadd_includedirs(inc);endfor _, inc in ipairs(rtt_inc) doadd_includedirs(inc);endif is_mode("debug") then -- add_cflags("-g", "-gdwarf-2")add_defines("DEBUG")endafter_build(function(target)cprint("Compile finished!!!")if is_mode("release") thenprint("release finished")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.hex")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.bin")endif is_mode("debug") thenprint("debug finished")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.hex")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.bin")endprint("Generate hex and bin files ok!!!")print(" ");print("********************储存空间占用情况*****************************")if is_mode("release") thenos.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Ax ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bx ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bd ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf")endif is_mode("debug") thenos.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Ax ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bx ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf")os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bd ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf")end--print("heap-堆, stack-栈, .data-已初始化的变量全局/静态变量, .bss-未初始化的data, .text-代码和常量")-- os.run("arm-none-eabi-objdump.exe -D ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf > rtt_thread.s")-- os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objdump -h -S ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf > rtt_thread.list")end)

RT-Thread nano 自动初始化段添加

/* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */.text :{. = ALIGN(4);*(.text) /* .text sections (code) */*(.text*)/* .text* sections (code) */*(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */*(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */*(.eh_frame)KEEP (*(.init))KEEP (*(.fini)). = ALIGN(4);_etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code *//* section information for finsh shell */. = ALIGN(4);__fsymtab_start = .;KEEP(*(FSymTab))__fsymtab_end = .; */. = ALIGN(4);__vsymtab_start = .;KEEP(*(VSymTab))__vsymtab_end = .; /* section information for initial. */. = ALIGN(4);__rt_init_start = .;KEEP(*(SORT(.rti_fn*)))__rt_init_end = .;} >FLASH

RT-Thread nano在gcc下自动初始化段不能失效，原因是gcc的自定义段需要在链接脚本中添加自定义段

添加的自定义段如下：

/* section information for finsh shell */. = ALIGN(4);__fsymtab_start = .;KEEP(*(FSymTab))__fsymtab_end = .; */. = ALIGN(4);__vsymtab_start = .;KEEP(*(VSymTab))__vsymtab_end = .; /* section information for initial. */. = ALIGN(4);__rt_init_start = .;KEEP(*(SORT(.rti_fn*)))__rt_init_end = .;

如果使用的容量太小的MCU，如64K小容量的，不要开启Finsh组件。

多数情况下也不要shell组件。

给RT-Thread定义的堆内存不要太大，够用就行。否则小容量的单片机RAM只有20K，其他地方定义大数组就会超过RAM大小，程序编译链接失败：

"arm-none-eabi-ld.exe: region `ram' overflowed xxx bytes"

修改链接地址和重设中断向量

修改链接地址为0x800B000，也是加载地址

/* Entry Point */ENTRY(Reset_Handler)/* Highest address of the user mode stack */_estack = 0x20005000; /* end of RAM *//* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */_Min_Heap_Size = 0x400;/* required amount of heap */_Min_Stack_Size = 0x800; /* required amount of stack *//* Specify the memory areas */MEMORY{RAM (xrw): ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 20KFLASH (rx): ORIGIN = 0x800B000, LENGTH = 64K}

FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8000000 改 FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x800B000

根据芯片不同，修改不同头文件

libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include/stm32f103xb.h：

#define FLASH_BASE 0x0800B000U /*!< FLASH base address in the alias region */#define FLASH_BANK1_END 0x0801FFFFU /*!< FLASH END address of bank1 */#define SRAM_BASE 0x20000000U /*!< SRAM base address in the alias region */

FLASH_BASE改为0x0800B000U