700字范文 > 【Linux】CentOS7防火墙开启停止关闭添加删除开放端口

【Linux】CentOS7防火墙开启停止关闭添加删除开放端口

时间：2023-09-21 20:53:39

防火墙管理

文章目录

防火墙管理1、直接关闭防火墙2、firewalld防火墙的基本使用3、防火墙端口管理4、参考资料

CentOS7防火墙

CentOS7默认安装了firewalld防火墙

利用防火墙，我们可以允许或是限制传输的数据通过

firewall

1、直接关闭防火墙

systemctl status firewalld （查看防火墙状态）

systemctl stop firewalld （停止防火墙）

systemctl disable firewalld（禁止开机启动）

eg:

[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl status firewalld● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemonLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: active (running) since Sun -05-10 16:04:31 CST; 41min agoDocs: man:firewalld(1)Main PID: 31591 (firewalld)CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service└─31591 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopidMay 10 16:04:31 liuawen systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...May 10 16:04:31 liuawen systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.May 10 16:04:32 liuawen firewalld[31591]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP'...chain?).May 10 16:04:32 liuawen firewalld[31591]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP'...chain?).May 10 16:29:05 liuawen firewalld[31591]: WARNING: NOT_ENABLED: 8010-8015:tcpMay 10 16:32:04 liuawen firewalld[31591]: WARNING: NOT_ENABLED: 2181:tcpMay 10 16:37:21 liuawen firewalld[31591]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP'...chain?).May 10 16:37:21 liuawen firewalld[31591]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP'...chain?).Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl disable firewalldRemoved symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl is-enabled firewalld.servicedisabled[root@liuawen ~]#

2、firewalld防火墙的基本使用

开启、关闭、重启、禁用、查看防火墙

firewall-cmd --state 查看防火墙的状态state firewall-cmd --state 停止防火墙： systemctl stop firewalld开启防火墙： systemctl start firewalld查看防火墙状态：systemctl status firewalld重新启动防火墙：systemctl restart firewalld开机禁用就是开机不启动防火墙服务： systemctl disable firewalld开机启用防火墙服务： systemctl enable firewalld查看防火墙服务是否开机启动：systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service查看版本： firewall-cmd --version显示状态： firewall-cmd --state查看帮助： firewall-cmd --help更新防火墙规则： firewall-cmd --reload查看所有打开的端口： firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

eg:

[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --reloadsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --version0.6.3[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --state running[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl start firewalld[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl status firewalld● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemonLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: active (running) since Sun -05-10 16:03:38 CST; 45s agoDocs: man:firewalld(1)Main PID: 31323 (firewalld)Tasks: 2Memory: 21.9MCGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service└─31323 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopidMay 10 16:03:38 liuawen systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...May 10 16:03:38 liuawen systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.May 10 16:03:38 liuawen firewalld[31323]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP'...chain?).May 10 16:03:39 liuawen firewalld[31323]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP'...chain?).Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl restart firewalld[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl disable firewalldRemoved symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl enable firewalld.serviceCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service.Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service.[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl enable firewalld.service[root@liuawen ~]# systemctl is-enabled firewalld.serviceenabled[root@liuawen ~]#

CentOS7 我执行service firewall start,错误信息[root@liuawen ~]# service firewall start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start firewall.service Failed to start firewall.service: Unit not found. [root@liuawen ~]# systemctl start firewalld

可以执行systemctl start firewalld这个。

3、防火墙端口管理

开放删除端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=2181/tcpfirewall-cmd -reloadfirewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=2181/tcpfirewall-cmd --permanent --list-ports

–permanent参数是永久生效，没有此参数时，重新启动系统之前的开启或删除端口失效了。

–reload重新加载

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=8080-8085/tcp设置一个范围 ,--remove-port=8080-8085删除也是一个范围。

查看开启的端口和服务

firewall-cmd --permanent --list-ports

eg:

[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=2181/tcpWarning: NOT_ENABLED: 2181:tcpsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=2181/tcpsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=2181/tcpsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=2181/tcpsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --list-ports 20/tcp 21/tcp 22/tcp 80/tcp 8888/tcp 39000-40000/tcp 888/tcp 3306/tcp 3306/udp 8001/tcp 8001/udp 8002/tcp 8002/udp 8003/tcp 8003/udp 8000/tcp 8000/udp 8080/tcp 2181/udp 2181/tcp[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=2181/udpsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=2181/tcpsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --list-ports 20/tcp 21/tcp 22/tcp 80/tcp 8888/tcp 39000-40000/tcp 888/tcp 3306/tcp 3306/udp 8001/tcp 8001/udp 8002/tcp 8002/udp 8003/tcp 8003/udp 8000/tcp 8000/udp 8080/tcp[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --reloadsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --version0.6.3[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --staterunning[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports20/tcp 21/tcp 22/tcp 80/tcp 8888/tcp 39000-40000/tcp 888/tcp 3306/tcp 3306/udp 8001/tcp 8001/udp 8002/tcp 8002/udp 8003/tcp 8003/udp 8000/tcp 8000/udp 8080/tcp[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --get-active-zones[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=eth0no zone[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=8080no zone[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-8080=eth0usage: see firewall-cmd man pagefirewall-cmd: error: unrecognized arguments: --get-zone-of-8080=eth0[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --zone= public --query-port=80/tcpusage: see firewall-cmd man pagefirewall-cmd: error: unrecognized arguments: public[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=80/tcpyes[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=2181/tcpno[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=2191/tcpsuccess[root@liuawen ~]# firewall-cmd --list-ports 20/tcp 21/tcp 22/tcp 80/tcp 8888/tcp 39000-40000/tcp 888/tcp 3306/tcp 3306/udp 8001/tcp 8001/udp 8002/tcp 8002/udp 8003/tcp 8003/udp 8000/tcp 8000/udp 8080/tcp[root@liuawen ~]#