系列文章目录
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文章目录
系列文章目录前言一、常规配置1. 设置窗口大小2. 获取当前屏幕的尺寸3. 窗口居中4. 设置窗口名称5. 添加监听器，关闭窗口6. 设置窗口可见性7. 设置文本框不可编辑8. 设置文本框提示9. 设置文本框的尺寸大小10. 设置文本框的字体样式11. 设置文本域的滚动条12. 弹出框提示13. 警告弹出框提示 二、目录结构三、Calculator.java，入口四、MyFrame.java 创建窗口frame五、WindowClose.java，监听关闭六、WindowVisible.java，设置窗口可见性七、SetComponent.java，绘制各种组件八、ButtonListener.java 按键监听器，处理按键事件九、异常处理十、exe4j Wizard 使用生成exe1. 先在 IntelliJ IDEA 安装Handy Export Jar2. 然后导出为jar包3. 打开exe4j Wizard 更新日志前言
通过学习java 的gui编程，可以快速学习java基础语法，让我们来看看如何制作一个简易计算器，以下包含全部源码。
简易计算器 v1.2 图形界面
计算过程的界面
一、常规配置
1. 设置窗口大小
setSize(600, 590);
2. 获取当前屏幕的尺寸
int screenWidth = (int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getWidth();int screenHeight = (int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getHeight();// 最后可用于设置窗口位置setLocation(screenWidth/3, screenHeight/6);
3. 窗口居中
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
4. 设置窗口名称
setTitle(title);
5. 添加监听器，关闭窗口
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {System.exit(0);}});
6. 设置窗口可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
7. 设置文本框不可编辑
jTextField1.setEditable(false);
8. 设置文本框提示
jTextField1.setToolTipText("请输入计算数字");
9. 设置文本框的尺寸大小
jTextField1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(580, 40));
10. 设置文本框的字体样式
jTextField1.setFont(new Font("", Font.BOLD, 20));
11. 设置文本域的滚动条
JTextArea jTextArea1 = new JTextArea();JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane(jTextArea1);sp.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(580, 160));p7.add(sp);
12. 弹出框提示
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"暂时不支持超过10位数字的计算");
13. 警告弹出框提示
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "系统出现了计算错误", "系统报错 " + "可联系管理员处理", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
二、目录结构
ButtonListener.java 按键监听器，主要进行处理各种按键之后的事件，算法Calculator.java 入口程序MyFrame.java 创建一个frame窗口SetComponent.java 绘制界面，按钮，面板，输入框WindowClose.java 监听窗口关闭WindowVisible.java 设置窗口为可见性
三、Calculator.java，入口
package com.tools;public class Calculator {public static void main(String[] args) {// 初始化窗口MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame("Smobee Calculator v1.2");// 初始化组件new SetComponent(myFrame);// 设置监听关闭new WindowClose(myFrame);// 设置窗口加载完，就显示可见new WindowVisible(myFrame);}}
四、MyFrame.java 创建窗口frame
package com.tools;import java.awt.*;public class MyFrame extends Frame {MyFrame(String title) {// 设置窗口大小setSize(600, 590);// 窗口居中setLocationRelativeTo(null);// 设置窗口名称setTitle(title);}}
五、WindowClose.java，监听关闭
package com.tools;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;public class WindowClose {WindowClose(Frame frame) {frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {// 监听到点击关闭按钮，关闭程序System.exit(0);}});}}
六、WindowVisible.java，设置窗口可见性
要在所有的组件添加完毕之后，再设置窗口可见性，要不然，第一次显示窗口，会是一片空白
package com.tools;import java.awt.*;public class WindowVisible {WindowVisible(Frame frame) {// 设置frame窗口，为可见frame.setVisible(true);}}
七、SetComponent.java，绘制各种组件
package com.tools;import javax.swing.*;import javax.swing.text.Highlighter;import java.awt.*;public class SetComponent {JButton jButton1,jButton2,jButton3,jButton4,jButton5,jButton6,jButton7,jButton8,jButton9,jButton10,jButton11,jButton12,jButton13,jButton14,jButton15,jButton16,jButton17,jButton18,jButton19,jButton20;JTextField jTextField1;JTextArea jTextArea1;// 两个数double number1, number2;// 当前第几个数int selectNumber = 1;// 是否为小数点boolean isFloat = false;// 当前算法 0 无 1 加 2 减 3 乘 4 除 5 除...余String algo = "no";// 第一个数字激活状态boolean number1State = false;// 第二个数字激活状态boolean number2State = false;// 是否计算结束boolean calcState = false;SetComponent(Frame frame) {// 创建整体的面板Panel panel = new Panel();// 第一层Panel p1 = new Panel(new FlowLayout());jTextField1 = new JTextField();jTextField1.setEditable(false);jTextField1.setToolTipText("请输入计算数字");jTextField1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(580, 40));jTextField1.setFont(new Font("", Font.BOLD, 20));p1.add(jTextField1);// 第二层Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 4));jButton1 = new JButton("C");jButton2 = new JButton("÷");jButton3 = new JButton("*");jButton4 = new JButton("Del");jButton1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(145, 60));jButton1.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton2.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton3.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton4.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));// 第三层Panel p3 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 4));jButton5 = new JButton("7");jButton6 = new JButton("8");jButton7 = new JButton("9");jButton8 = new JButton("-");jButton5.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(145, 60));jButton5.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton6.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton7.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton8.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));// 第四层Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 4));jButton9 = new JButton("4");jButton10 = new JButton("5");jButton11 = new JButton("6");jButton12 = new JButton("+");jButton9.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(145, 60));jButton9.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton10.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton11.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton12.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));// 第五层Panel p5 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 4));jButton13 = new JButton("1");jButton14 = new JButton("2");jButton15 = new JButton("3");jButton16 = new JButton("√");jButton13.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(145, 60));jButton13.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton14.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton15.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton16.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));// 第六层Panel p6 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 4));jButton17 = new JButton("%");jButton18 = new JButton("0");jButton19 = new JButton(".");jButton20 = new JButton("=");jButton17.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(145, 60));jButton17.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton18.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton19.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));jButton20.addActionListener(new ButtonListener(this));// 第七层Panel p7 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 1));jTextArea1 = new JTextArea();JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane(jTextArea1);sp.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(580, 160));jTextArea1.setText("历史计算：");jTextArea1.setEditable(false);// 放进容器panel.add(p1);p2.add(jButton1);p2.add(jButton2);p2.add(jButton3);p2.add(jButton4);p3.add(jButton5);p3.add(jButton6);p3.add(jButton7);p3.add(jButton8);p4.add(jButton9);p4.add(jButton10);p4.add(jButton11);p4.add(jButton12);p5.add(jButton13);p5.add(jButton14);p5.add(jButton15);p5.add(jButton16);p6.add(jButton17);p6.add(jButton18);p6.add(jButton19);p6.add(jButton20);p7.add(sp);panel.add(p2);panel.add(p3);panel.add(p4);panel.add(p5);panel.add(p6);panel.add(p7);frame.add(panel);}}
八、ButtonListener.java 按键监听器，处理按键事件
这里主要进行各种算法的运算，其中，就用到比较简单的方法，没有用Math进行算法，主要是为了练习，如果您追求细节，可以尝试修改代码，使其更加符合标准计算器的算法
本程序，还尚有许多bug，主要是时间不够，各位同学如发现有计算bug，可以提交到评论区或私信，同学们也可以发挥个人能力
package com.tools;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.text.DecimalFormat;public class ButtonListener implements ActionListener {SetComponent setComponent;ButtonListener(SetComponent setComponent) {this.setComponent = setComponent;}private void setText(Double result) {if (this.setComponent.isFloat || this.setComponent.algo.equals("÷")) {DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.00");this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText(Double.toString(Double.parseDouble(df.format(result))));} else {int x = (int) Math.round(result);this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText(Integer.toString(x));}}private void clearNunber(Boolean clearText, Boolean clearCalc) {if (clearText) {this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText("");}if (clearCalc) {this.setComponent.calcState = false;}this.setComponent.selectNumber = 1;this.setComponent.number1 = 0;this.setComponent.number2 = 0;this.setComponent.number1State = false;this.setComponent.number2State = false;this.setComponent.isFloat = false;this.setComponent.algo = "no";}private void calcNumber() {double result = 0;// 判断两个数，是否都输入了if (this.setComponent.number1State && this.setComponent.number2State) {String algo = this.setComponent.algo;if (algo.equals("*")) {result = this.setComponent.number1 * this.setComponent.number2;} else if (algo.equals("÷")) {result = this.setComponent.number1 / this.setComponent.number2;} else if (algo.equals("-")) {result = this.setComponent.number1 - this.setComponent.number2;} else if (algo.equals("+")) {result = this.setComponent.number1 + this.setComponent.number2;} else if (algo.equals("%")) {result = this.setComponent.number1 % this.setComponent.number2;} else if (algo.equals("√")) {result = Math.sqrt(this.setComponent.number1);}this.setText(result);this.addHistory();// 恢复初始化this.clearNunber(false, false);} else if (this.setComponent.number1State && this.setComponent.algo.equals("√")) {String algo = this.setComponent.algo;result = Math.sqrt(this.setComponent.number1);this.setText(result);this.addHistory();// 恢复初始化this.clearNunber(false, false);}}private void addHistory() {this.setComponent.calcState = true;if (this.setComponent.isFloat) {double a = this.setComponent.number1;String b = "";if (!this.setComponent.algo.equals("√")) {b = Double.toString(this.setComponent.number2);}String text = "\n" + a + this.setComponent.algo + b + "=" + this.setComponent.jTextField1.getText();this.setComponent.jTextArea1.setText(this.setComponent.jTextArea1.getText() + text);} else {int a = (int) Math.round(this.setComponent.number1);String b = "";if (!this.setComponent.algo.equals("√")) {b = Integer.toString((int)Math.round(this.setComponent.number2));}String text = "\n" + a + this.setComponent.algo + b + "=" + this.setComponent.jTextField1.getText();this.setComponent.jTextArea1.setText(this.setComponent.jTextArea1.getText() + text);}}private void addHistory(String text) {this.setComponent.jTextArea1.setText(this.setComponent.jTextArea1.getText() + text);}@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {String name = e.getActionCommand();String numberS = "1234567890";String funcS = "÷*-+√%";String text = this.setComponent.jTextField1.getText();// 清除内容if (name.equals("C")) {this.clearNunber(true, true);}// 加减乘除if (funcS.contains(name)) {if (this.setComponent.jTextField1.getText().length() == 0 && name.equals("-")) {this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText("-");} else {this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText("");}if (this.setComponent.calcState) {this.setComponent.number1State = true;this.setComponent.number1 = Double.parseDouble(text);}if (this.setComponent.number1State) {this.setComponent.algo = name;this.setComponent.selectNumber = 2;}}// 小数点if (name.equals(".")) {// 判断是否已经存在小数点if (!text.contains(".") && text.length() > 0) {this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText(text + ".");}this.setComponent.isFloat = true;}// 删除最后一个字符if (name.equals("Del")) {if (text.length() > 0) {String newText = text.substring(0, text.length()-1);this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText(newText);}}// 判断等于号if (name.equals("=")) {// 计算try {this.calcNumber();} catch (Throwable ex) {String textError = "\n【系统错误】程序运行发生错误\n【错误信息】" + ex + "\n【计算参数】" + this.setComponent.number1 + this.setComponent.algo + this.setComponent.number2 + "\n【联系方式】请将该情况反馈给管理员处理！Smobee";System.out.println(textError);addHistory(textError);JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, textError, "系统报错 " + "可联系管理员处理 Smobee", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);}}// 判断按键0~9if (numberS.contains(name)) {// 判断是不是超过10位if (text.length() >= 10) {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"暂时不支持超过10位数字的计算");return;}// 判断如果当前已经为0，输入0，则不继续增加if(text.equals("0")) {return;}// 判断是不是结束了计算状态if (this.setComponent.calcState) {this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText("");this.setComponent.calcState = false;}// 获取当前文本框的值String text3 = this.setComponent.jTextField1.getText();this.setComponent.jTextField1.setText(text3 + name);String text1 = this.setComponent.jTextField1.getText();// 判断是第一个数字，还是第二个数字if (this.setComponent.selectNumber == 1) {this.setComponent.number1State = true;this.setComponent.number1 = Double.parseDouble(text1);} else if (this.setComponent.selectNumber == 2) {this.setComponent.number2State = true;this.setComponent.number2 = Double.parseDouble(text1);}}}}
九、异常处理
我在计算的关键地方，加了异常处理，这样的话，程序就不会闪退，并且提示用户
// 判断等于号if (name.equals("=")) {// 计算try {this.calcNumber();} catch (Throwable ex) {String textError = "\n【系统错误】程序运行发生错误\n【错误信息】" + ex + "\n【计算参数】" + this.setComponent.number1 + this.setComponent.algo + this.setComponent.number2 + "\n【联系方式】请将该情况反馈给管理员处理！Smobee";System.out.println(textError);addHistory(textError);JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, textError, "系统报错 " + "可联系管理员处理 Smobee", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);}}
十、exe4j Wizard 使用生成exe
1. 先在 IntelliJ IDEA 安装Handy Export Jar
2. 然后导出为jar包
通过jar包，我们就可以直接生成exe文件
3. 打开exe4j Wizard
最后一步，生成exe
可以直接打开
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