OpenGL画太阳系

分享一个OpenGL画太阳系的代码。

#include <GL/glut.h>#include <GL/SOIL.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <math.h>#pragma pack(1)#define DISCRETE_GRAPHICS 1#if DISCRETE_GRAPHICS__declspec(dllexport) int NvOptimusEnablement = 0x00000001; //使用独显#endif#define Pi 3.1415926#define RADIUS 10.0 //观察点位置所在球面半径#define ROTATE_SPEED 0.01 //观察点移动速度#define MERCURY_ORBIT_RADIUS 0.6#define VENUS_ORBIT_RADIUS 1.0#define EARTH_ORBIT_RADIUS 1.5#define MARS_ORBIT_RADIUS 2.0#define JUPITER_ORBIT_RADIUS 2.7#define SATURN_ORBIT_RADIUS 3.4#define URANUS_ORBIT_RADIUS 4.0#define NEPTUNE_ORBIT_RADIUS 4.76#define SUN_RADIUS 0.5#define MERCURY_RADIUS 0.05static void Resize(int w, int h);static void Display(void); //显示回调函数static void Idle(void); //空闲回调函数static void ProcessNormalKeys(unsigned char key, int x, int y); //ASCII按键响应函数static void ProcessSpecialKeys(int skey, int x, int y); //非ASCII按键响应函数static void MouseMove(int x, int y); //鼠标移动回调函数static void MouseButton(int button, int state, int x, int y); //鼠标按键回调函数static void ChangeViewPosition(GLdouble theta, GLdouble phi);static void CreateGLUTMenus(void);//display text functionstatic void SetOrthographicProjection(void);static void RestorePerspectiveProjection(void);static void RenderBitmapFontString(GLfloat x, GLfloat y, GLfloat z, void *font, char *string); //show bitmap fontstatic void RenderStrokeFontString(GLfloat x, GLfloat y, GLfloat z, void *font, char *string); //show stroke font//texturevoid LoadPicture(char *file_name, GLuint *texture);static int window_width, window_height;static int main_menu;static int mouse_x = -1, mouse_y = -1;//observer's parametersstatic GLdouble radius = RADIUS; //The radius of the sphere where the observer is locatedstatic GLdouble theta_angle = 0.0, phi_angle = Pi / 2.0;static GLdouble delta_theta = 0.0, delta_phi = 0.0;static GLdouble x = RADIUS, y = 0.0, z = 0.0; //position of the viewerstatic GLdouble cx = 0.0, cy = 0.0, cz = 0.0; //viewer's directionstatic GLdouble hx = 0.0, hy = 0.0, hz = 1.0; //viewer's head direction//lightconst GLfloat light0_ambient[] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}; //光源中环境光的颜色，黑色。红，绿，蓝，第四个分量1.0表示不透明。const GLfloat light0_diffuse[] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}; //光源中漫射光的颜色，白色const GLfloat light0_position[] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}; //定向光源，指定了光源的方向//materialsconst GLfloat mat_ambient[] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f};//材质的环境颜色const GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f};//材质的漫射光颜色const GLfloat high_shininess[] = {10.0f};//材质的镜面反射指数int main(int argc, char *argv[]){// init GLUT and create windowglutInit(&argc, argv);// GLuint texture;// LoadPicture("img_test.bmp", &texture);glutInitWindowSize(1000, 1000); //set window sizeglutInitWindowPosition(1000, -1); //set window positionglutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);glutCreateWindow("solar system"); //根据前面设置的创建窗口，参数被作为窗口的标题。glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);//lightglLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light0_ambient);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light0_diffuse);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light0_position);//materialsglMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient);glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess);glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);//启用0号光源glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);// 启用自动单位化法向量glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);//启用材质颜色glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);//启用光照// register callbacksglutReshapeFunc(Resize); //注册当前窗口的再整形回调函数glutDisplayFunc(Display); //注册当前窗口的显示回调函数glutIdleFunc(Idle); //注册空闲回调函数glutKeyboardFunc(ProcessNormalKeys); //注册ASCII按键响应函数glutSpecialFunc(ProcessSpecialKeys); //注册非ASCII按键响应函数glutMouseFunc(MouseButton);glutMotionFunc(MouseMove);glClearColor(0,0,0,0);glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);//启用反走样glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);glHint(GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_FASTEST); // Antialias the linesglBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);CreateGLUTMenus();glutMainLoop();//主循环处理return EXIT_SUCCESS;}void Idle(void){glutPostRedisplay();}static void Resize(int width, int height){GLdouble ratio;height = (!height) ? 0.1 : height;window_width = width;window_height = height;ratio = 1.0 * width / height;// Reset the coordinate system before modifyingglMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glLoadIdentity();//设置视口为整个窗口大小glViewport(0, 0, width, height);//设置可视空间gluPerspective(60,ratio,0.1,1000);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);glLoadIdentity();gluLookAt(x + cx, y + cy, z + cz,cx, cy, cz,hx, hy, hz);}void DrawCircle(GLdouble R){glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP);for (int i = 0; i < 7200; i++){glVertex2f(R * cos(2 * Pi * i / 7200), R * sin(2 * Pi * i / 7200));}glEnd();}inline double GetDistance(double x1, double y1, double z1, double x2, double y2, double z2){return sqrt((x1 - x2) * (x1 - x2) + (y1 - y2) * (y1 - y2) + (z1 - z2) * (z1 - z2));}void AutoChangeTextAngle(void){glRotated(90, 0, 0, 1);glRotated(90, 1, 0, 0);glRotated((theta_angle + delta_theta) * 180.0l / Pi, 0, 1, 0);glRotated((phi_angle + delta_phi) * 180.0l / Pi, -1, 0, 0);}//displaystatic void Display(void)//显示回调函数 图片绘制在XOY平面上{static double angle=0;const int slices =60;const int stacks =60;GLdouble star_x, star_y, star_z;#if DISCRETE_GRAPHICSangle += 0.005;#elseangle += 0.001;#endifglClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);//清除颜色缓冲区和深度缓冲区//SunglColor3d(1, 0.5, 0.04);glPushMatrix();glutSolidSphere(SUN_RADIUS, slices, stacks);AutoChangeTextAngle();glPopMatrix();//Mercurystar_x = MERCURY_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1 / 0.24 * angle);star_y = MERCURY_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1 / 0.24 * angle);star_z = 0.0;glColor3f(0.61f, 0.33f, 0.16f);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(MERCURY_RADIUS, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.25f, 0.1f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Mercury");}glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(MERCURY_ORBIT_RADIUS);//Venusstar_x = VENUS_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1 / 0.62 * angle);star_y = VENUS_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1 / 0.62 * angle);star_z = 0.0;glColor3f(1.0f, 0.65f, 0.31f);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(0.065, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.2f, 0.1f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Venus");}glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(VENUS_ORBIT_RADIUS);//Earthstar_x = EARTH_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1.0 * angle);star_y = EARTH_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1.0 * angle);star_z = 0.0;glColor3f(0.18f, 0.3f, 0.41f);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(0.07, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.15f, 0.1f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Earth");}glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(EARTH_ORBIT_RADIUS);//Marsstar_x = MARS_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1 / 1.9 * angle);star_y = MARS_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1 / 1.9 * angle);star_z = 0.0; glColor3f(0.54, 0.058, 0.027);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(0.053, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.15f, 0.1f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Mars");}glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(MARS_ORBIT_RADIUS);//Jupiterstar_x = JUPITER_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1 / 11.9 * angle);star_y = JUPITER_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1 / 11.9 * angle);star_z = 0.0; glColor3f(0.55, 0.42, 0.35);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(0.2, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.2f, 0.3f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Jupiter");}glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(JUPITER_ORBIT_RADIUS);//Saturnstar_x = SATURN_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1 / 29.5 * angle);star_y = SATURN_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1 / 29.5 * angle);star_z = 0.0; glColor3f(0.7, 0.46, 0.22);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(0.1, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.2f, 0.2f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Saturn");}glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(SATURN_ORBIT_RADIUS);//Uranusstar_x = URANUS_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1 / 83.0 * angle);star_y = URANUS_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1 / 83.0 * angle);star_z = 0.0; glColor3f(0.39, 0.68, 0.87);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(0.07, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.2f, 0.17f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Uranus");} glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(URANUS_ORBIT_RADIUS);//Neptunestar_x = NEPTUNE_ORBIT_RADIUS * cos(1 / 164.8 * angle);star_y = NEPTUNE_ORBIT_RADIUS * sin(1 / 164.8 * angle);star_z = 0.0; glColor3f(0.29, 0.53, 0.9);glPushMatrix();glTranslated(star_x, star_y, star_z);glutSolidSphere(0.07, slices, stacks);if(GetDistance(star_x, star_y, star_z, x, y, z) < GetDistance(0, 0, 0, x, y, z)){AutoChangeTextAngle();RenderStrokeFontString(-0.25f, 0.17f, 0.0f, GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN, (char*)"Neptune");} glPopMatrix();DrawCircle(NEPTUNE_ORBIT_RADIUS);//compute frames per secondstatic int time = 0, frame = 0, last_time = 0;static double fps = 0.0l;frame++;time = glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME);if(time-last_time >= 1000){fps = frame * 1000.0l / (time - last_time);last_time = time;frame = 0;}//display a string with bitmap fontsSetOrthographicProjection();glPushMatrix();glLoadIdentity();glColor3d(1, 0.5, 0.04);char str[64];int wwidth = glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH);RenderBitmapFontString(wwidth / 2 - 50, 20, 0, GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18, (char *)"Solar System");glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);sprintf(str, "FPS: %.2lf", fps);RenderBitmapFontString(5, 20, 0, GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18, str);sprintf(str, "Observation Point: x=%.2lf, y=%.2lf, z=%.2lf", x + cx, y + cy, z + cz);RenderBitmapFontString(5, 40, 0, GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18, str);sprintf(str, "theta=%.2lf, phi=%.2lf, radius=%.2lf", (theta_angle + delta_theta) * 180.0 / Pi, (phi_angle + delta_phi) * 180.0 / Pi, radius);RenderBitmapFontString(5, 60, 0, GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18, str); glPopMatrix();RestorePerspectiveProjection();//交换缓冲区glutSwapBuffers();}//viewvoid ChangeViewDistance(unsigned char option){switch (option){case '+' :radius -= 0.1;radius = (radius < 0.1) ? 0.1 : radius;ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);break;case '-' :radius += 0.1;radius = (radius > 15) ? 15 : radius;ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);break;default:break;}}void ChangeViewPosition(GLdouble theta, GLdouble phi){x = radius * cos(phi) * cos(theta);y = radius * cos(phi) * sin(theta);z = radius * sin(phi);glLoadIdentity();gluLookAt(x + cx, y + cy, z + cz,cx, cy, cz,hx, hy, hz);}//keystatic void ProcessSpecialKeys(int skey, int x, int y)//非ASCII按键响应函数{switch(skey){case GLUT_KEY_LEFT :theta_angle -= ROTATE_SPEED;theta_angle = (theta_angle < -Pi) ? -Pi : theta_angle;ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);break;case GLUT_KEY_RIGHT:theta_angle += ROTATE_SPEED; theta_angle = (theta_angle > Pi) ? Pi : theta_angle; ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);break;case GLUT_KEY_UP:phi_angle += ROTATE_SPEED;phi_angle = (phi_angle > Pi / 2.0l) ? Pi / 2.0l : phi_angle; ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);break;case GLUT_KEY_DOWN :phi_angle -= ROTATE_SPEED;phi_angle = (phi_angle < 0.0l) ? 0.0l : phi_angle;ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);break;case GLUT_KEY_HOME:theta_angle = 0.0l;phi_angle = Pi / 2.0l;ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle, phi_angle);break;default:break;}}static void ProcessNormalKeys(unsigned char key, int x, int y)//ASCII按键响应函数{switch (key){case ' ' :case 'q' :glutDestroyMenu(main_menu);exit(0);break;case '+' :ChangeViewDistance('+');break;case '-' :ChangeViewDistance('-');break;default:break;}}//mousevoid MouseMove(int x, int y){// this will only be true when the left button is downif (mouse_x >= 0 && abs(mouse_x - x) >= 5){delta_theta = (double)(mouse_x - x) * ROTATE_SPEED;if(theta_angle+delta_theta > Pi)delta_theta = Pi - theta_angle;else if(theta_angle+delta_theta < -Pi)delta_theta = -Pi - theta_angle;}if(mouse_y >= 0 && abs(y - mouse_y) >= 10){delta_phi = (double)(y - mouse_y) * ROTATE_SPEED;if(phi_angle+delta_phi > Pi/2.0l)delta_phi = Pi / 2.0l - phi_angle;else if(phi_angle+delta_phi < 0.0l)delta_phi = -phi_angle;}ChangeViewPosition(theta_angle + delta_theta, phi_angle + delta_phi);}void MouseButton(int button, int state, int x, int y){switch(button){case GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON:// only start motion if the left button is pressedif(state == GLUT_UP){theta_angle += delta_theta;phi_angle += delta_phi;delta_theta = 0;delta_phi = 0;mouse_x = -1;mouse_y = -1;}else{mouse_x = x;mouse_y = y;}break;case 3:if(state == GLUT_UP){radius += ROTATE_SPEED;}default:break;}}//menuvoid ProcessMenuEvents(int option){switch(option){case 1:ProcessSpecialKeys(GLUT_KEY_HOME, 0, 0);break;case 2:ChangeViewDistance('+');break;case 3:ChangeViewDistance('-');break;case 4:ProcessNormalKeys('q', 0, 0);break;default:break;}}void CreateGLUTMenus(void){main_menu = glutCreateMenu(ProcessMenuEvents);glutAddMenuEntry("Reset 'home'", 1);glutAddMenuEntry("Zoom In '+'", 2);glutAddMenuEntry("Zoom Out '-'", 3);glutAddMenuEntry("Exit 'q'", 4);glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON);}//fontvoid SetOrthographicProjection(void){glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); // switch to projection modeglPushMatrix(); // save previous matrix which contains the settings for the perspective projectionglLoadIdentity();// reset matrixgluOrtho2D(0, window_width, window_height, 0); // set a 2D orthographic projectionglMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);// switch back to modelview mode}void RestorePerspectiveProjection(void){glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glPopMatrix(); // restore previous projection matrixglMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); // get back to modelview mode}void RenderBitmapFontString(GLfloat x, GLfloat y, GLfloat z, void *font, char *string){glRasterPos3f(x, y, z);while(*string != '\0'){glutBitmapCharacter(font, *string);string++;}}void RenderStrokeFontString(GLfloat x, GLfloat y, GLfloat z, void *font, char *string){glPushMatrix();glTranslatef(x, y, z);glScalef(0.001f, 0.001f, 0.001f);while(*string != '\0'){glutStrokeCharacter(font, *string);string++;}glPopMatrix();}//textureGLuint texture_name;struct BITMAPFILEHEADER{unsigned short bfType;unsigned int bfSize;unsigned short bfReserved1;unsigned short bfReserved2;unsigned int bfOffBits;};struct BITMAPINFOHEADER{unsigned int biSize;long biWidth;long biHeight;unsigned short biPlanes;unsigned short biBitcount;unsigned int biCompression;unsigned int biSizeImage;long biXPelsPerMeter;long biYPelsPerMeter;unsigned int biClrUsed;unsigned int biClrImportant;};void LoadPicture(char *file_name, GLuint *texture){FILE *bmp = NULL;struct BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfh;struct BITMAPINFOHEADER bmih;bmp = fopen(file_name, "rb"); //装入位图if (bmp == NULL)printf("load picture error!\r\n");fseek(bmp, 0, SEEK_END);int bmp_size = ftell(bmp);fseek(bmp, 0, SEEK_SET);unsigned char *p_image = malloc(bmp_size * sizeof(char));fread(p_image, bmp_size, 1, bmp);fseek(bmp, 0, SEEK_SET);fread(&bmfh,sizeof(struct BITMAPFILEHEADER),1,bmp);fread(&bmih,sizeof(struct BITMAPINFOHEADER),1,bmp); glGenTextures(1, texture); //生成贴图glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, *texture); //贴图生效gluBuild2DMipmaps(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 4, bmih.biWidth, bmih.biHeight,GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, p_image); //贴图数据printf("%ld %ld\n", bmih.biWidth, bmih.biHeight);printf("%d", bmp_size);fclose(bmp);}

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