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一、概述
微信推出了小程序，很多公司的客户端应用不仅具有了APP、H5、还接入了小程序开发。但是，小程序中竟然没有提供Java版本的加密数据解密算法。这着实让广大的Java开发人员蛋疼。
微信小程序提供的加密数据解密算法链接为：https://mp./debug/wxadoc/dev/api/signature.html
最新地址为：https://developers./miniprogram/dev/framework/open-ability/signature.html
我们下载的算法示例如下：
木有Java！！ 木有Java！！ 木有Java！！
那么如何解决这个问题，我们一起来实现Java版本的微信小程序加密数据解密算法。
二、实现Java版本的微信小程序加密数据解密算法
1、创建项目
这里，我们创建一个Maven工程，具体创建步骤略。
2、配置pom.xml
我们在pom.xml中加入如下配置。
<dependency><groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId><artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId><version>1.46</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-codec</groupId><artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId><version>1.4</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId> <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> <classifier>jdk15</classifier> </dependency>
3、实现AES类
package com.chwl.medical.crypto.wx;import java.security.AlgorithmParameters;import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;import java.security.InvalidKeyException;import java.security.Key;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;import java.security.Security;import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;import javax.crypto.Cipher;import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;/*** AES加密* @author liuyazhuang**/public class AES {public static boolean initialized = false;/*** AES解密* * @param content* 密文* @return* @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException* @throws NoSuchProviderException*/public byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyByte, byte[] ivByte) throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {initialize();try {Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding");Key sKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(keyByte, "AES");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, sKeySpec, generateIV(ivByte));// 初始化byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content);return result;} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (BadPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}return null;}public static void initialize() {if (initialized)return;Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());initialized = true;}// 生成ivpublic static AlgorithmParameters generateIV(byte[] iv) throws Exception {AlgorithmParameters params = AlgorithmParameters.getInstance("AES");params.init(new IvParameterSpec(iv));return params;}}
4、实现WxPKCS7Encoder类
package com.chwl.medical.crypto.wx;import java.nio.charset.Charset;import java.util.Arrays;/*** 微信小程序加解密* @author liuyazhuang**/public class WxPKCS7Encoder {private static final Charset CHARSET = Charset.forName("utf-8");private static final int BLOCK_SIZE = 32;/*** 获得对明文进行补位填充的字节.** @param count* 需要进行填充补位操作的明文字节个数* @return 补齐用的字节数组*/public static byte[] encode(int count) {// 计算需要填充的位数int amountToPad = BLOCK_SIZE - (count % BLOCK_SIZE);if (amountToPad == 0) {amountToPad = BLOCK_SIZE;}// 获得补位所用的字符char padChr = chr(amountToPad);String tmp = new String();for (int index = 0; index < amountToPad; index++) {tmp += padChr;}return tmp.getBytes(CHARSET);}/*** 删除解密后明文的补位字符** @param decrypted* 解密后的明文* @return 删除补位字符后的明文*/public static byte[] decode(byte[] decrypted) {int pad = decrypted[decrypted.length - 1];if (pad < 1 || pad > 32) {pad = 0;}return Arrays.copyOfRange(decrypted, 0, decrypted.length - pad);}/*** 将数字转化成ASCII码对应的字符，用于对明文进行补码** @param a* 需要转化的数字* @return 转化得到的字符*/public static char chr(int a) {byte target = (byte) (a & 0xFF);return (char) target;}}
5、实现WXCore类
这个类主要是对具体算法的封装，统一对外提供方法。
package com.chwl.medical.crypto.wx;import mons.codec.binary.Base64;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;/*** 封装对外访问方法* @author liuyazhuang**/public class WXCore {private static final String WATERMARK = "watermark";private static final String APPID = "appid";/*** 解密数据* @return* @throws Exception*/public static String decrypt(String appId, String encryptedData, String sessionKey, String iv){String result = "";try {AES aes = new AES(); byte[] resultByte = aes.decrypt(Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedData), Base64.decodeBase64(sessionKey), Base64.decodeBase64(iv)); if(null != resultByte && resultByte.length > 0){ result = new String(WxPKCS7Encoder.decode(resultByte)); JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);String decryptAppid = jsonObject.getJSONObject(WATERMARK).getString(APPID);if(!appId.equals(decryptAppid)){result = "";}} } catch (Exception e) {result = "";e.printStackTrace();}return result;}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{String appId = "wx4f4bc4dec97d474b";String encryptedData = "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";String sessionKey = "tiihtNczf5v6AKRyjwEUhQ==";String iv = "r7BXXKkLb8qrSNn05n0qiA==";System.out.println(decrypt(appId, encryptedData, sessionKey, iv));}}
三、测试
1、运行Java版微信小程序加密数据解密算法
这里我们就直接运行WXcore类的main方法，这里的测试数据都是从Python版微信小程序加密数据解密算法的示例程序中提出来的。我们的运行结果如下：
{"openId":"oGZUI0egBJY1zhBYw2KhdUfwVJJE","nickName":"Band","gender":1,"language":"zh_CN","city":"Guangzhou","province":"Guangdong","country":"CN","avatarUrl":"/mmopen/vi_32/aSKcBBPpibyKNicHNTMM0qJVh8Kjgiak2AHWr8MHM4WgMEm7GFhsf8OYrySdbvAMvTsw3mo8ibKicsnfN5pRjl1p8HQ/0","unionId":"ocMvos6NjeKLIBqg5Mr9QjxrP1FA","watermark":{"timestamp":1477314187,"appid":"wx4f4bc4dec97d474b"}}
2、运行Python版微信小程序加密数据解密算法
这里我们在python环境中直接运行微信官方提供的Python版小程序加密数据解密算法，结果如下：
{u'province': u'Guangdong', u'openId': u'oGZUI0egBJY1zhBYw2KhdUfwVJJE', u'language': u'zh_CN', u'city': u'Guangzhou', u'gender': 1, u'avatarUrl': u'/mmopen/vi_32/aSKcBBPpibyKNicHNTMM0qJVh8Kjgiak2AHWr8MHM4WgMEm7GFhsf8OYrySdbvAMvTsw3mo8ibKicsnfN5pRjl1p8HQ/0', u'watermark': {u'timestamp': 1477314187, u'appid': u'wx4f4bc4dec97d474b'}, u'country': u'CN', u'nickName': u'Band', u'unionId': u'ocMvos6NjeKLIBqg5Mr9QjxrP1FA'}
通过对比以上结果可知，我们自行使用Java实现的Java版微信小程序加密数据解密算法与微信官方提供的Python版小程序加密数据解密算法结果一致。
