tar命令打包并压缩指定的文件夹并且排除指定的文件

当你想对当前路径中的文件/文件夹打包压缩时，但是又不想把某个文件/文件夹包含在呢，该怎么办呢？

很好，tar命令刚好有一个选项可以满足当前需求，选项为--exclude=文件/文件夹（多个文件和文件夹需要独立写）

请看下面实例：

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ ls

1.txt 2.txt 3.txt hexFormatPrintMain hexFormatPrintMain.c

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ tar -jcvf package.tar.bz ./

1.txt 3.txt hexFormatPrintMain.c

2.txt hexFormatPrintMain

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$tar -jcvf package.tar.bz * --exclude=3.txt

1.txt

2.txt

hexFormatPrintMain

hexFormatPrintMain.c

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ ls

1.txt 2.txt 3.txt hexFormatPrintMain hexFormatPrintMain.c package.tar.bz

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ file package.tar.bz

package.tar.bz: bzip2 compressed data, block size = 900k

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ ls

1.txt 2.txt 3.txt hexFormatPrintMain hexFormatPrintMain.c package.tar.bz

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ mkdir unpakage_dir

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ tar -jxvf package.tar.bz -C unpakage_dir/

1.txt

2.txt

hexFormatPrintMain

hexFormatPrintMain.c

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ ls

1.txt 2.txt 3.txt hexFormatPrintMain hexFormatPrintMain.c package.tar.bz unpakage_dir

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming$ cd unpakage_dir/

andy@andy-virtual-machine:~/GNU_C_Programming/unpakage_dir$ ls

1.txt 2.txt hexFormatPrintMain hexFormatPrintMain.c

上面案例成功将文件3.txt排除在外。