最近正在学习C语言，于是自己就写了个俄罗斯方块小游戏，本想找一篇博文借鉴一下的，粗略的找了一圈并没有找到让自己满意的，于是花了2天搞了一下。初学者，代码粗陋，大佬勿喷。有哪里不对的，请不吝赐教，谢谢~
废话不多说，上图：
代码开始运行检测C:\GameTetris.dat文件是否是合法的存档，如果是则提示用户游戏有存档，是否读取。
按下N，则删除存档，新建新的游戏，重新开始。
按下Y，则读取文档，从上次状态保存的状态开始运
这里的每个方块都是用双字节字符“■”来实现，没有用到任何画图库
我按下了Y，所以程序读取了存档。
1、键盘信号获取
由 _kbhit()，_getch() ，函数获取
_kbhit()检测有没有键按下
_getch()读取键值
2、方块的产生
通过srand，与rand 函数实现随机产生
3、控制台
一个方块占2个横向空格长度，1个纵向空格长度，所以代码中会频繁出现横坐标 * 2的代码
4、旋转方块
我的方法是选一个中心点作为坐标原点，根据这个原点画一个坐标系，其余4个子方块在这个坐标系中相对原点的位置偏移存储在BlockXY blockXY[4];中，centerXY结构体就是原点的实际坐标，那么其余3个子方块的实际坐标就可以根据这个中心点算出来。
而左移，右移，下移都只需要移动这个中心点的实际坐标即可。
下方堆积的方块是使用一个二维数组在存储，二维数组的成员等于1，则在对应坐标上就有一个堆积方块。
一些代码函数什么的参考了如下博文（一篇讲C语言贪吃蛇的）：
/qq_40953281/article/details/79315254
接下来上代码：（我是用VC6.0写的）
代码中该有的注释都有，有什么问题，欢迎留言讨论~
// 俄罗斯方块.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.//#include "stdafx.h"#include "string.h"#include "stdlib.h"#include "windows.h"#include "conio.h"#include "time.h"#include "math.h"#define FilePath "C:\\GameTetris.dat"#define GameX 24#define GameY 36#define SPEED 5 //数值越大速度越慢//颜色enum{BLACK,BLUE,GREEN,CYAN,RED,MAGENTA,BROWN,LIGHTGRAY,DARKGRAY,LIGHTBLUE,LIGHTGREEN,LIGHTCYAN,LIGHTRED,LIGHTMAGENTA,YELLOW,WHITE};//方块元素struct BlockXY{int x;int y;int xiangXian;//方块所处相对中心点而言的象限};//方块形状struct BlockShape{BlockXY blockXY[4];//方块元素相对中心点的坐标BlockXY center;//中心旋转轴点的坐标int type;//方块类型};BlockShape* G_pBlockShape1 = NULL, *G_pBlockShape2 = NULL;char name[200];int score;//得分//指令集： w 旋转 a 左 s 下 d 右 o 结束游戏并保存 p 暂停游戏char KEYVALUESET[] = {'w', 'a', 's', 'd', 'o', 'p', ' '};int G_BlockScreenArr[GameX][GameY] = {0};//初始化标记已经落下堆积后的全屏方块位置二维数组， 0代表没有方块，1代表有方块/************************************************************************//*光标跳转到指定位置*//************************************************************************/void gotoxy(int x, int y, int ForgC){if(ForgC == -1){ForgC = LIGHTGREEN;}// 更新光标位置 COORD pos;WORD wColor;HANDLE hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);pos.X = x;pos.Y = y;SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOutput, pos);CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;if(GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hOutput, &csbi)){//设置字体颜色wColor = (csbi.wAttributes & 0xF0) + (ForgC & 0x0F);SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOutput, wColor);}// 隐藏光标 CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cursor;cursor.bVisible = FALSE;cursor.dwSize = 1;//值介于1 ~ 100 之间 单元格底部为下划线 ~ 完全填充单元格SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &cursor);}/************************************************************************//*光标跳转到指定位置（函数重载）*//************************************************************************/void gotoxy(int x, int y){gotoxy(x, y, -1);}/************************************************************************//*指定位置打印游戏边框*//************************************************************************/int switchFlag = 0;void gotoprint(int x, int y){int color = (switchFlag = ! switchFlag) ? LIGHTGRAY : LIGHTRED;gotoxy(x * 2, y, color);printf("■");}/************************************************************************//*从指定位置开始清除指定长度元素*//************************************************************************/void gotodelete(int x, int y, int length){int i;gotoxy(x, y);for (i = 0; i < length; i++){printf(" ");}}/************************************************************************//*清除指定位置元素*//************************************************************************/void gotodelete(int x, int y){gotodelete(x, y, 1);}/************************************************************************//* 绘制游戏边框 *//************************************************************************/void drawGameMap(){int i;//初始化左侧游戏窗口for (i = 0; i < GameX; i++){gotoprint(i, 0);}for (i = 0; i < GameX; i++){gotoprint(i, GameY);}for (i = 0; i < GameY; i++){gotoprint(0, i);}for (i = 0; i <= GameY; i++){gotoprint(GameX, i);}//初始化右侧小窗口for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){gotoprint(i + GameX + 2, 0);}for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){gotoprint(i + GameX + 2, 7);}for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){gotoprint(GameX + 2, i);}for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){gotoprint(GameX + 2 + 7, i);}}/************************************************************************//*显示方块*//************************************************************************/void showBlockShape(BlockShape* pBlockShape){int i;BlockXY *pBlockXY = pBlockShape->blockXY;for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){gotoxy(pBlockXY[i].x + pBlockShape->center.x, pBlockXY[i].y * -1 + pBlockShape->center.y);printf("■");}}/************************************************************************//* 初始化游戏开始界面*//************************************************************************/bool initGameScreen(int state){int i, j;bool result;char keyValue;system("title 俄罗斯方块 by 机智蛋");result = false;gotoxy(15, 10);printf("/**********************************************/");gotoxy(15, 22);printf("/**********************************************/");gotoxy(20, 13);printf("WELCOME TO THE GAME OF TETRIS");gotoxy(14, 16);printf("W：左移 D：右移 S：下移 空格：下落到底部 P暂停 O结束游戏并保存");gotoxy(20, 18);if(state){printf("游戏有存档，是否读取？Y/N");while(1){keyValue = _getch();if(keyValue == 'Y' || keyValue == 'y')//同意读档{result = true;break;}else if(keyValue == 'N' || keyValue == 'n')//不同意读档{DeleteFileA(FilePath); //删除存档score = 0;free(G_pBlockShape1);free(G_pBlockShape2);G_pBlockShape1 = NULL;G_pBlockShape2 = NULL;for (i = 0; i < GameX; i++){for (j = 0; j < GameY; j++){G_BlockScreenArr[i][j] = 0;}}result = false;break;}}}if(! result)//不同意读档或无存档{gotodelete(20, 18, 30);gotoxy(20, 18);printf("PLEASE ENTER YOUR NAME:");scanf("%s", name);}system("CLS");gotoxy(53, 20);printf("hello %s,Welcome To Play", name);gotoxy(53, 25);printf("Your Score Is:%d =￣ω￣= ", score);gotoxy(53, 30);printf("This Game Is Created By 机智蛋");if(result){//恢复存档堆积方块图for (i = 0; i < GameX; i++){for (j = 0; j < GameY; j++){if(G_BlockScreenArr[i][j] == 1){gotoxy(i * 2, j);printf("■");}}}//恢复移动方块图showBlockShape(G_pBlockShape1);// G_pBlockShape2->center.x = (GameX + 5) * 2;// G_pBlockShape2->center.y +=2; //恢复下一个方块图showBlockShape(G_pBlockShape2);}return result;}/************************************************************************//* 初始化游戏开始界面（函数重载）*//************************************************************************/int initGameScreen(){return initGameScreen(0);}/************************************************************************//* 游戏结束处理*//************************************************************************/void FinishGame(){system("CLS");gotoxy(15, 10);printf("/**********************************************/");gotoxy(15, 20);printf("/**********************************************/");gotoxy(18, 14);printf("GAME OVERo(*￣▽￣*)o");gotoxy(20, 16);printf("Your Score is %d ", score);gotoxy(18, 18);printf("还不错哦，继续努力O(∩_∩)O");gotoxy(0, 27);gotoxy(0, 27);system("pause");}/************************************************************************//*顺时针旋转方块*//************************************************************************/void rotateBlock(BlockShape* pBlockShape){int i, tmp, realX, realY;bool forbit;BlockXY blockXY;BlockXY centerXY;centerXY = pBlockShape->center;forbit = false;if(pBlockShape->type == 3)//如果是方形方块，则不做旋转{return;}//删除原来的点for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){blockXY.x = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].x;blockXY.y = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].y;gotodelete(blockXY.x + pBlockShape->center.x, blockXY.y * -1 + pBlockShape->center.y);}//旋转for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){blockXY.x = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].x;blockXY.y = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].y;blockXY.xiangXian = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].xiangXian;//根据象限不同决定旋转后xy的偏移switch(blockXY.xiangXian){case 1:{tmp = blockXY.x;blockXY.x = blockXY.y * 2;blockXY.y = tmp / 2;blockXY.y *= -1;blockXY.xiangXian = 4;break;}case 2:{tmp = blockXY.x * -1;blockXY.x = blockXY.y * 2;blockXY.y = tmp / 2;blockXY.xiangXian = 1;break;}case 3:{tmp = blockXY.x;blockXY.x = blockXY.y * 2;blockXY.y = tmp / 2 * -1;blockXY.xiangXian = 2;break;}case 4:{tmp = blockXY.x;blockXY.x = blockXY.y * 2;blockXY.y = tmp / 2 * -1;blockXY.xiangXian = 3;break;}}//检查真实坐标是否超出边界，如超出则移动中心点位置realX = blockXY.x + centerXY.x;if(realX <= 0){centerXY.x += realX * -1 + 2;//旋转时如超出左边边界，则中心点向右移动}else if(realX >= GameX * 2){centerXY.x -= realX - GameX * 2 + 2;//旋转时如超出右边边界，则中心点向左移动}realY = blockXY.y * -1 + centerXY.y;if(realY <= 0){centerXY.y += realY * -1 + 1;//旋转时如超出顶部边界，则中心点向下移动}else if(realY >= GameY)//旋转时如碰到底部边框，则不允许旋转{forbit = true;break;}if(G_BlockScreenArr[realX /2 ][realY] == 1)//旋转时如碰到其他方块则不允许旋转{forbit = true;break;}if(! forbit){pBlockShape->center = centerXY;pBlockShape->blockXY[i].x = blockXY.x;pBlockShape->blockXY[i].y = blockXY.y;pBlockShape->blockXY[i].xiangXian = blockXY.xiangXian;}}showBlockShape(pBlockShape);//旋转之后显示移动方块图}/************************************************************************//*方块移动@type 0 下落 1左移 2右移return 返回true 已到底部 返回false 未到底部*//************************************************************************/bool dropBlockShape(BlockShape* pBlockShape, int type){int i, realX, realY;BlockXY blockXY;bool forbit = false;BlockXY centerXY;centerXY = pBlockShape->center;switch(type){case 0://下落{centerXY.y++;break;}case 1:{centerXY.x-=2;//1个方块横向占2个空，纵向占1个空，所以x +- 2，y +- 1break;}case 2:{centerXY.x+=2;break;}default:{return false;}}for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){blockXY.x = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].x;blockXY.y = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].y;//检查真实坐标是否超出边界，如超出则禁止移动realX = blockXY.x + centerXY.x;if(realX <= 0){return false;}else if(realX >= GameX * 2){return false;}realY = blockXY.y * -1 + centerXY.y;if(realY >= GameY)//已到底部则停止下落{return true;}else if(G_BlockScreenArr[realX / 2][realY] == 1)//判断是否碰到其他方块，是则停止下落{return true;}}//删除原来的点for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){blockXY.x = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].x;blockXY.y = pBlockShape->blockXY[i].y;gotodelete(blockXY.x + pBlockShape->center.x, blockXY.y * -1 + pBlockShape->center.y);}pBlockShape->center = centerXY;showBlockShape(pBlockShape);//显示移动后的方块图return false;}/************************************************************************//* 生成新的方块*//************************************************************************/BlockShape* creatBlockShape(){BlockShape* pBlockShape = (BlockShape*)malloc(sizeof(BlockShape));pBlockShape->type = rand() % 7; //总共7种方块switch (pBlockShape->type){case 0:// 直条方块{pBlockShape->center.x = GameX;pBlockShape->center.y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].xiangXian = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].x = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].xiangXian = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].x = 4;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].xiangXian = 1;break;}case 1 :// L1型方块{pBlockShape->center.x = GameX;pBlockShape->center.y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].xiangXian = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].x = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].xiangXian = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].y = -1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].xiangXian = 3;break;}case 2:// L2型方块{pBlockShape->center.x = GameX;pBlockShape->center.y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].xiangXian = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].x = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].xiangXian = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].x = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].y = -1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].xiangXian = 4;break;}case 3:// 方型方块{pBlockShape->center.x = GameX;pBlockShape->center.y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].xiangXian = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].y = -1;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].y = -1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].xiangXian = 4;break;}case 4:// 倒Z型方块{pBlockShape->center.x = GameX;pBlockShape->center.y = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].xiangXian = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].xiangXian = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].x = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].xiangXian = 1;break;}case 5:// Z型方块{pBlockShape->center.x = GameX;pBlockShape->center.y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].xiangXian = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].y = -1;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].xiangXian = 4;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].x = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].y = -1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].xiangXian = 4;break;}case 6:// T型方块{pBlockShape->center.x = GameX;pBlockShape->center.y = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].x = -2;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[0].xiangXian = 3;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[1].xiangXian = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].x = 2;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].y = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[2].xiangXian = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].x = 0;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].y = 1;pBlockShape->blockXY[3].xiangXian = 2;break;}}return pBlockShape;}/************************************************************************//*读档游戏*//************************************************************************/bool readGameFile(){FILE *fp;int blockScreenArr[GameX][GameY] = {0};int s, i, j;BlockShape *pBlockShape1, *pBlockShape2;if((fp = fopen(FilePath, "rb")) == NULL){return 0;}pBlockShape1 = (BlockShape*)malloc(sizeof(BlockShape));pBlockShape2 = (BlockShape*)malloc(sizeof(BlockShape));fread(blockScreenArr, sizeof(blockScreenArr), 1, fp);fread(pBlockShape1, sizeof(BlockShape), 1, fp);fread(pBlockShape2, sizeof(BlockShape), 1, fp);fread(&s, sizeof(int), 1, fp);fread(name, sizeof(name), 1, fp);fclose(fp);if(pBlockShape1->type > 6 || pBlockShape1->type < 0 || pBlockShape2->type> 6 || pBlockShape2->type < 0 || s < 0){free(pBlockShape1);free(pBlockShape2);return false;}G_pBlockShape1 = pBlockShape1;G_pBlockShape2 = pBlockShape2;score = s;for (i = 0; i < GameX; i++){for (j = 0; j < GameY; j++){G_BlockScreenArr[i][j] = blockScreenArr[i][j];}}return true;}/************************************************************************//*保存游戏*//************************************************************************/void saveGame(){FILE *fp;if((fp = fopen(FilePath, "wb")) == NULL){gotoxy(0, 27);printf("游戏保存失败\n");return;}fwrite(G_BlockScreenArr, sizeof(G_BlockScreenArr), 1, fp);fwrite(G_pBlockShape1, sizeof(BlockShape), 1, fp);fwrite(G_pBlockShape2, sizeof(BlockShape), 1, fp);fwrite(&score, sizeof(score), 1, fp);fwrite(name, sizeof(name), 1, fp);fclose(fp);}/************************************************************************//*判断按键*//************************************************************************/bool jugeKeyValue(char key){int i;for (i = 0; i < sizeof(KEYVALUESET); i++){if(key == KEYVALUESET[i]){break;}}if(i >= sizeof(KEYVALUESET))//判断按键是否在指令集中，如不在其中则不做处理{return true;}if(key == 'o')//结束游戏并保存{saveGame();FinishGame();return false;}else if(key == 'p')//暂停游戏{gotoxy(0, GameY + 2);printf("按任意键继续......");_getch();gotodelete(0, GameY + 2, 20);}else if(key == 'w')//旋转方块{rotateBlock(G_pBlockShape1);}else if(key == 'a')//左移方块{dropBlockShape(G_pBlockShape1, 1);//左移}else if(key == 'd')//右移方块{dropBlockShape(G_pBlockShape1, 2);//右移}return true;}/************************************************************************//*将方块各个点的坐标在全屏方块二维数组中标记出来*//************************************************************************/void addInBlockScreenArr(BlockShape* pBlockShape){int i;for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){G_BlockScreenArr[(pBlockShape->blockXY[i].x + pBlockShape->center.x) / 2][pBlockShape->blockXY[i].y * -1 + pBlockShape->center.y]= 1;}}/************************************************************************//*检测堆积的方块是否到达顶端return true 到达顶端 false 未到达*//************************************************************************/bool checkBlockReachTop(){int i;for (i = 1; i < GameX; i++){if(G_BlockScreenArr[i][1] == 1){return true;}}return false;}/************************************************************************//*执行删除指定行的方格并下移上方方块 *//************************************************************************/void clearLine(int line, int clearCount){int i, j, count;score += (int)pow(2, clearCount);//根据连续多少行满行计算分数，1行+1, 2行+2, 3行+4, 4行+8gotoxy(67, 25);printf("%d", score);//打印分数gotodelete(2, line, (GameX - 1) * 2);for (i = 1; i < GameX; i++)//消除一行方块，并标记消除{G_BlockScreenArr[i][line] = 0;}Sleep(50);//被消除的一行上方所有方块全部下移一行for (j = line - 1; j > 0; j--){count = 0;for (i = 1; i < GameX; i++){gotodelete(i * 2, j);if(G_BlockScreenArr[i][j] == 1){G_BlockScreenArr[i][j] = 0;count++;G_BlockScreenArr[i][j + 1] = 1;gotoxy(i * 2, j + 1);printf("■");}}if(count == 0){break;}}}/************************************************************************//*检测某一行的方块是否已满并消除return true 代表有一行方块消除 false 代表无消除*//************************************************************************/bool checkBlockLineIsFull(){int i, j, count, clearCount;//固定方块计数，清除方块计次clearCount = 0;for (j = GameY - 1; j > 0; j--){count = 0;for (i = 1; i < GameX; i++){if(G_BlockScreenArr[i][j] == 1){count++;}}if(count == GameX - 1)//一行已满{clearLine(j, clearCount++);j++;}else if(count == 0)//如果这一行没有方块，则说明检测的堆积方块到达最高度{return false;}}return false;}int main(int argc, char* argv[]){char c;bool onBottom, dropFast;int speedCount = 0;int i;dropFast = false;//快速下落srand(time(0));initGameScreen(readGameFile());//检测游戏存档并初始化游戏显示drawGameMap();//绘制游戏边框while(1){if (_kbhit())//判断是否有按键按下{c = _getch();//读取按下的键值if(! jugeKeyValue(c))//判断指令是否合法{return 0;}}if(G_pBlockShape2 == NULL)//创建新的方块{G_pBlockShape2 = creatBlockShape();if(G_pBlockShape1 == NULL){G_pBlockShape1 = G_pBlockShape2;G_pBlockShape2 = NULL;}else{//右侧小窗口显示下一个要出现的方块G_pBlockShape2->center.x = (GameX + 5) * 2;G_pBlockShape2->center.y +=2; showBlockShape(G_pBlockShape2);}showBlockShape(G_pBlockShape1);}if(c == ' ')//按下空格快速下落{dropFast = true;}if(c == 's' || dropFast || speedCount++ == SPEED)//按下s 或 按下空格 或 自动下落{speedCount = 0;onBottom = dropBlockShape(G_pBlockShape1, 0);//下落，true则无法下落if(onBottom){dropFast = false;if(checkBlockReachTop())//检测是否到达边界顶点{FinishGame();return 0;}addInBlockScreenArr(G_pBlockShape1);//将方块各个成员在全屏二维数组坐标中标记checkBlockLineIsFull();//检测满行并清除free(G_pBlockShape1);//清除右侧小窗口中显示的方块for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){gotodelete(G_pBlockShape2->center.x + G_pBlockShape2->blockXY[i].x, G_pBlockShape2->center.y + G_pBlockShape2->blockXY[i].y * -1);}//将下一个方块置为当前移动的方块G_pBlockShape1 = G_pBlockShape2;G_pBlockShape1->center.x = GameX;G_pBlockShape2->center.y -=2; G_pBlockShape2 = NULL;}}Sleep(100);c = '\0';}return 0;}
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