前言：在与传统的 MVC项目相比,.net core项目在项目目录的文件结构上和功能上与前者都有很大的区别。例如：在.net core中使用Startup.cs取代Global.asax文件用于加载应用程序的配置和各种启动项。appsettings.json取代web.config文件用于存储应用程序所需的配置参数等等。。。
OK！步入正题,下面来说一下如何读取Json配置文件中的参数。
第一种:使用IConfiguration接口
我们先在appsettings.json中配置好数据库连接字符串,然后读取它
{"Connection": {"dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456"},"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft": "Warning","Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"}
},"AllowedHosts": "*"}
在控制器中注入IConfiguration接口
usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;usingMicrosoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;usingMicrosoft.Extensions.Configuration;namespaceRead.json.Controllers
{
[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]public classReadController : Controller
{privateIConfiguration _configuration;publicReadController(IConfiguration configuration)
{
_configuration=configuration;
}
[HttpPost]public async TaskReadJson()
{
//读参string conn = _configuration["Connection:dbContent"];return "";
}
}
}
当然也可以读取数组形式的json,一样的先在appsettings.json中写好配置参数，如下：
{"Connection": {"dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456"},//------------------------
"Content": [
{"Trade_name": {"test1": "小熊饼干","test2": "旺仔QQ糖","test3": "娃哈哈牛奶"}
}
],//------------------------
"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft": "Warning","Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"}
},"AllowedHosts": "*"}
比如我们想读取test1
string commodity_test1 = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"];
第二种：使用IOptions来读取json配置文件
先把NuGet包导进项目：Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions
首先在appsettings.json中添加节点如下
{"Connection": {"dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456"},//------------------------
"Content": [
{"Trade_name": {"test1": "小熊饼干","test2": "旺仔QQ糖","test3": "娃哈哈牛奶"}
}
],//------------------------
"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft": "Warning","Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"}
},"AllowedHosts": "*",//==============================
"Information": {"school": {"Introduce": {"Name": "实验小学","Class": "中班","Number": "15人"},"Region": {"Province": "湖北","City": "武汉","Area": "洪山区"},"Detailed_address": [
{"Address": "佳园路207号"}
]
}
}//==============================
}
然和再建立一个与这个节点"相同"的类
usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;namespaceRead.json
{public classInformation
{public School school { get; set; }
}public classSchool
{public Introduce Introduce { get; set; }public Region Region { get; set; }public List data { get; set; }
}public classIntroduce
{public string Name { get; set; }public string Class { get; set; }public string Number { get; set; }
}public classRegion
{public string Province { get; set; }public string City { get; set; }public string Area { get; set; }
}public classDetailed_address
{public string Address { get; set; }
}
}
在Startup中添加如下代码
#region 服务注册,在控制器中通过注入的形式使用services.AddOptions();
services.Configure(Configuration.GetSection("Information"));#endregion
控制器中使用：
usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;usingMicrosoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;usingMicrosoft.Extensions.Configuration;usingMicrosoft.Extensions.Options;namespaceRead.json.Controllers
{
[Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
[ApiController]public classReadController : Controller
{privateIConfiguration _configuration;readonlyInformation _Information;readonly IOptions_options;publicReadController(IConfiguration configuration,
Information Information,
IOptionsoptions)
{
_configuration=configuration;
_Information=Information;
_options=options;
}
[HttpGet]public async TaskReadInformation()
{string Address = _options.Value.school.Region.Province + "-" +_options.Value.school.Region.City+ "-" +_options.Value.school.Region.Area+ "-" +_options.Value.school.Detailed_address[0].Address + "-" +_options.Value.school.Introduce.Name+ "-" +_options.Value.school.Introduce.Class+ "-" +_options.Value.school.Introduce.Number;returnJson(Address);
}
[HttpPost]public async TaskReadJson()
{string conn = _configuration["Connection:dbContent"];string commodity = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"];return "";
}
}
}
第三种：这种应该比较常见,任意读取自定义的json文件
首先建立一个json文件
{"system_version": {"Edition": ".Net Core 3.0","Project_Name": "Read.json"}
}
再建一个类,封装一个方法
usingMicrosoft.Extensions.Configuration;usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;namespaceRead.json
{public classJson_File
{publicIConfigurationRoot Read_Json_File()
{//这句代码会读取read_json.json中的内容
return new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("read_json.json")
.Build();
}
}
}
在控制器中调用：
[HttpGet]public async TaskReadSystemVersion()
{var configuration =_json_File.Read_Json_File();string system = "使用的是" + configuration["system_version:Edition"] + "的版本" + "," +
"项目名称是" + configuration["system_version:Project_Name"];return Json(new{
data=system
});
}
Demo地址：Func
func = (address) => git cloneaddress;var project = func("/Davenever/Read_Json.git");
