前言：
Prometheus Server: Prometheus服务端，由于存储及收集数据，提供相关api对外查询用。
Exporter: 类似传统意义上的被监控端的agent，有区别的是，它不会主动推送监控数据到server端，而是等待server端定时来手机数据，即所谓的主动监控。
Pushagateway: 用于网络不可直达而居于exporter与server端的中转站。
Alertmanager: 报警组件，将报警的功能单独剥离出来放在alertmanager。
Web UI: Prometheus的web接口，可用于简单可视化，及语句执行或者服务状态监控。
一、实验所需包
1.prometheus-2.20.1.linux-amd64.tar 【提取码：mgnf 】
2.node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar【提取码：opue 】
3.nginx-vts-exporter-0.10.3.linux-amd64.tar【提取码：v3rd 】
4.grafana-7.1.4-1.x86_64 【提取码：7cjb 】
二、安装Prometheus
#确保selinux和firewalld关闭[root@node-3 ~]# getenforce Disabled[root@node-3 ~]# systemctl status firewalld● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemonLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: inactive (dead)Docs: man:firewalld(1)[root@node-3 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) [root@node-3 ~]# tar -xvf prometheus-2.20.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz[root@node-3 ~]# cd prometheus-2.20.1.linux-amd64[root@node-3 prometheus-2.20.1.linux-amd64]# vim prometheus.yml# my global configglobal:scrape_interval:15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).# Alertmanager configurationalerting:alertmanagers:- static_configs:- targets:# - alertmanager:9093# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.rule_files:# - "first_rules.yml"# - "second_rules.yml"# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:# Here it's Prometheus itself.# my global configglobal:scrape_interval:15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).# Alertmanager configurationalerting:alertmanagers:- static_configs:- targets:# - alertmanager:9093# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.rule_files:# - "first_rules.yml"# - "second_rules.yml"# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:# Here it's Prometheus itself.scrape_configs:# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.#添加prometheus端口- job_name: 'prometheus'# metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'# scheme defaults to 'http'.static_configs:- targets: ['192.168.200.223:9090']#添加所需要监控的linux主机端口- job_name: 'linux'static_configs:- targets: ['192.168.200.223:9100']- targets: ['192.168.200.221:9101'] #根据实际情况添加监控主机ip- targets: ['192.168.200.222:9101']- job_name: 'pushgateway'static_configs:- targets: ['192.168.200.223:9091']honor_labels: true#添加nginx监控- job_name: 'nginx'static_configs:- targets: ['192.168.200.223:9913']labels:instance: web1:wq #保存并退出[root@node-3 ~]# ll /usr/local/prometheus #利用ln -s做一个软连接相当于快捷方式吧，个人习惯lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 42 8月 24 16:02 /usr/local/prometheus -> /srv/program/prometheus-2.20.1.linux-amd64[root@node-3 ~]# nohup /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus/data &
访问测试prometheus:
http://192.168.200.223:9090/graph
通过点击下拉栏选取指标，点击”Excute” 我们能够看到Prometheus的性能指标。
成功!
二、安装Grafana以及node_exporter
######node_exporter安装######[root@node-3 soft]# tar -xvf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz[root@node-3 soft]# cd node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64#默认端口9100，如果被占用可以指定端口nohup /srv/soft/node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64/node_exporter --web.listen-address=":9101"&[root@node-3 node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64]# nohup /srv/soft/node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64/node_exporter &#验证node_exporter是否安装成功[root@node-3 node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64]# curl 127.0.0.1:9100<html><head><title>Node Exporter</title></head><body><h1>Node Exporter</h1><p><a href="/metrics">Metrics</a></p></body></html>[root@node-3 node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64]# #使用以下命令会返回一堆性能指标则表明安装ojbk[root@node-3 node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64]# curl 127.0.0.1:9100/metrics#####Grafana安装#####[root@node-3 soft]# yum -y install grafana-7.1.4-1.x86_64.rpm#编辑配置文件/etc/grafana/grafana.ini ，修改dashboards.json段落下两个参数的值：[root@node-3 ~]# vim /etc/grafana/grafana.ini#################################### Dashboards History ##################[dashboards]# Number dashboard versions to keep (per dashboard). Default: 20, Minimum: 1;versions_to_keep = 20enabled = true# Minimum dashboard refresh interval. When set, this will restrict users to set the refresh interval of a dashboard lower than given interval. Per default this is 5 seconds.# The interval string is a possibly signed sequence of decimal numbers, followed by a unit suffix (ms, s, m, h, d), e.g. 30s or 1m.;min_refresh_interval = 5s# Path to the default home dashboard. If this value is empty, then Grafana uses StaticRootPath + "dashboards/home.json"#default_home_dashboard_path = /var/lib/grafana/dashboards/Home_Dashboard.jsonpath = /var/lib/grafana/dashboards[root@node-3 soft]# git clone /percona/grafana-dashboards.git[root@node-3 soft]# cp -r grafana-dashboards/dashboards /var/lib/grafana/[root@node-3 soft]# cd /var/lib/grafana/[root@node-3 grafana]# chown -R grafana.grafana dashboards[root@node-3 grafana]# ll总用量 736drwxr-xr-x 2 grafana grafana 4096 8月 24 15:57 dashboards-rw-r--r-- 1 grafana grafana 749568 10月 12 11:30 grafana.dbdrwxr-xr-x 2 grafana grafana6 8月 24 16:51 pluginsdrwx------ 2 grafana grafana6 8月 24 16:51 png[root@node-3 grafana]# systemctl start grafana-server[root@node-3 grafana]# netstat -ntlupa |grep 3000tcp6 00 :::3000 :::*LISTEN12633/grafana-serve
三、链接Grafana+Prometheus
访问：http://192.168.200.223:3000/
设置数据源
数据源配置如下图
保存并测试
四、结果验收
访问：http://192.168.200.223:3000/
总结
本次将把nginx-vts-exporter-0.10.3.linux-amd64.tar包的使用留到下篇博客，此包是用于监控Nginx服务基本状况。
