700字范文 > java实现将数据生成图表至excel导出(包括折线图柱状图饼状图)

java实现将数据生成图表至excel导出(包括折线图柱状图饼状图)

时间：2021-04-13 19:34:40

1. 目的

根据已有数据，手动（java后台）生成图表至excel并导出。用于后台查询到数据后直接创建图表，可以代替直接使用图表信息字符串。

2. 说明

使用jfree图表绘制类库绘制图表，并生成到本地或读取至输出流用于在excel中生成；使用poi操作excel；

3. 使用jar包

使用maven管理jar包，主要包含poi和jfree：

<properties><poi-version>3.11</poi-version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi</artifactId><version>${poi-version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>${poi-version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId><version>${poi-version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>ooxml-schemas</artifactId><version>1.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>jfree</groupId><artifactId>jcommon</artifactId><version>1.0.16</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>jfree</groupId><artifactId>jfreechart</artifactId><version>1.0.13</version></dependency></dependencies>

4. 实现

4.1 生成饼图

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;import org.jfree.chart.ChartUtilities;import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator;import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot;import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;import java.awt.*;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;public class TestPoiAndJfreeChart {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// excel工作表HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();// 创建工作表HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet 1");// 创建字节输出流ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();//如果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来Font font = new Font("新宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);// 创建数据：饼状图就是名称和值（比例）Map<String, Double> map=new HashMap<String, Double>();map.put("录播主机", (double) 1000);map.put("编码器", (double) 700);map.put("摄像机", (double) 600);map.put("流转码服务器", (double) 400);// 创建JFreeChartJFreeChart chart = createPort("故障设备类型比例", map, font);// 读取chart信息至字节输出流ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(byteArrayOut, chart, 600, 300);// 画图的顶级管理器，一个sheet只能获取一个（一定要注意这点）HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();// anchor主要用于设置图片的属性HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 2, (short) 1, (short) 12, (short) 15);anchor.setAnchorType(3);// 插入图片patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG));// excel后缀FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("h://myExcel4.xls");wb.write(fileOut);fileOut.close();}public static JFreeChart createPort(String title, Map<String, Double> datas, Font font) {try {Set<Map.Entry<String, Double>> set = datas.entrySet();DefaultPieDataset pds = new DefaultPieDataset();Iterator iterator = set.iterator();Map.Entry entry;while (iterator.hasNext()) {entry = (Map.Entry) iterator.next();pds.setValue(entry.getKey().toString(), Double.parseDouble(entry.getValue().toString()));}// 生成一个饼图的图表：显示图表的标题、组装的数据、是否显示图例、是否生成贴士以及是否生成URL链接JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createPieChart(title, pds, true, false, true);// 设置图片标题的字体chart.getTitle().setFont(font);// 得到图块,准备设置标签的字体PiePlot plot = (PiePlot) chart.getPlot();//设置分裂效果,需要指定分裂出去的key// plot.setExplodePercent("摄像机", 0.1); 分裂效果，可选// 设置标签字体plot.setLabelFont(font);// 设置图例项目字体chart.getLegend().setItemFont(font);// 设置开始角度// plot.setStartAngle(new Float(3.14f / 2f)); 开始角度，意义不大//设置plot的前景色透明度plot.setForegroundAlpha(0.7f);//设置plot的背景色透明度plot.setBackgroundAlpha(0.0f);//设置标签生成器(默认{0})//{0}:key {1}:value {2}:百分比 {3}:sumplot.setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("{0}({1})/{2}")); // 一般在{1}后面加单位，如：{0}({1}次)/{2}//将内存中的图片写到本地硬盘// ChartUtilities.saveChartAsJPEG(new File("H:/a.png"), chart, 600, 300);return chart;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return null;}}}

4.2 生成折线图

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;import org.jfree.chart.ChartUtilities;import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;import java.awt.*;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;public class TestPoiAndJfreeChart1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// excel工作表HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();// 创建工作表HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet 1");// 创建字节输出流ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();//如果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来Font font = new Font("新宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);// 创建数据Map<String, Map<String, Double>> datas =new HashMap<String, Map<String,Double>>();Map<String, Double> map1=new HashMap<String, Double>();Map<String, Double> map2=new HashMap<String, Double>();Map<String, Double> map3=new HashMap<String, Double>();Map<String, Double> map4=new HashMap<String, Double>();Map<String, Double> map5=new HashMap<String, Double>();map1.put("故障数量", (double) 20);map2.put("故障数量", (double) 30);map3.put("故障数量", (double) 25);map4.put("故障数量", (double) 50);map5.put("故障数量", (double) 40);//压入数据datas.put("一月", map1);datas.put("二月", map2);datas.put("三月", map3);datas.put("四月", map4);datas.put("五月", map5);JFreeChart chart = createPort("故障数量-时间曲线", datas, "月份", "故障次数（次）", font);// 读取chart信息至字节输出流ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(byteArrayOut, chart, 600, 300);// 画图的顶级管理器，一个sheet只能获取一个（一定要注意这点）HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();// anchor主要用于设置图片的属性HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 2, (short) 1, (short) 12, (short) 15);anchor.setAnchorType(3);// 插入图片patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG));// excel后缀FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("h://myExcel5.xls");wb.write(fileOut);fileOut.close();}public static JFreeChart createPort(String title, Map<String, Map<String, Double>> datas, String type, String unit, Font font) {try {DefaultCategoryDataset ds = new DefaultCategoryDataset();Set<Map.Entry<String, Map<String, Double>>> set1 = datas.entrySet();Iterator iterator1 = set1.iterator();Iterator iterator2;HashMap<String, Double> map;Set<Map.Entry<String, Double>> set2;Map.Entry entry1;Map.Entry entry2;while (iterator1.hasNext()) {entry1 = (Map.Entry) iterator1.next();map = (HashMap<String, Double>) entry1.getValue();set2 = map.entrySet();iterator2 = set2.iterator();while (iterator2.hasNext()) {entry2 = (Map.Entry) iterator2.next();ds.setValue(Double.parseDouble(entry2.getValue().toString()), entry2.getKey().toString(), entry1.getKey().toString());}}//创建折线图,折线图分水平显示和垂直显示两种// //2D折线图JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(title, type, unit, ds, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, true);// //3D折线图// JFreeChart chart2 = ChartFactory.createLineChart3D(title, type, unit, ds, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, false);//设置整个图片的标题字体chart.getTitle().setFont(font);//设置提示条字体font = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);chart.getLegend().setItemFont(font);//得到绘图区CategoryPlot plot = (CategoryPlot) chart.getPlot();//得到绘图区的域轴(横轴),设置标签的字体plot.getDomainAxis().setLabelFont(font);//设置横轴标签项字体plot.getDomainAxis().setTickLabelFont(font);//设置范围轴(纵轴)字体font = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 18);plot.getRangeAxis().setLabelFont(font);// plot.setForegroundAlpha(1.0f);return chart;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return null;}}}

4.3 生成柱状图

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;import org.jfree.chart.ChartUtilities;import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator;import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot;import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;import java.awt.*;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;public class TestPoiAndJfreeChart2 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// excel工作表HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();// 创建工作表HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet 1");// 创建字节输出流ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();//如果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来Font font = new Font("新宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);// 创建数据Map<String, Map<String, Double>> datas =new HashMap<String, Map<String,Double>>();Map<String, Double> map1=new HashMap<String, Double>();Map<String, Double> map2=new HashMap<String, Double>();Map<String, Double> map3=new HashMap<String, Double>();map1.put("故障数", (double) 1000);map2.put("故障数", (double) 1300);map3.put("故障数", (double) 1000);//压入数据datas.put("设备网络掉线", map1);datas.put("CPU利用率高", map2);datas.put("磁盘占用高", map3);JFreeChart chart = createPort("故障类型比例",datas,"故障类型","数量单位（个）",font);// 读取chart信息至字节输出流ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(byteArrayOut, chart, 600, 300);// 画图的顶级管理器，一个sheet只能获取一个（一定要注意这点）HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();// anchor主要用于设置图片的属性HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 2, (short) 1, (short) 12, (short) 15);anchor.setAnchorType(3);// 插入图片patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG));// excel后缀FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("h://myExcel6.xls");wb.write(fileOut);fileOut.close();}public static JFreeChart createPort(String title,Map<String,Map<String,Double>> datas,String type,String danwei,Font font){try {//种类数据集DefaultCategoryDataset ds = new DefaultCategoryDataset();//获取迭代器：Set<Map.Entry<String, Map<String, Double>>> set1 = datas.entrySet();Iterator iterator1= set1.iterator();Iterator iterator2;HashMap<String, Double> map;Set<Map.Entry<String,Double>> set2;Map.Entry entry1;Map.Entry entry2;while(iterator1.hasNext()){entry1=(Map.Entry) iterator1.next();map=(HashMap<String, Double>) entry1.getValue();set2=map.entrySet();iterator2=set2.iterator();while (iterator2.hasNext()) {entry2= (Map.Entry) iterator2.next();ds.setValue(Double.parseDouble(entry2.getValue().toString()), entry2.getKey().toString(), entry1.getKey().toString());}}//创建柱状图,柱状图分水平显示和垂直显示两种JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createBarChart(title, type, danwei, ds, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, true);//设置整个图片的标题字体chart.getTitle().setFont(font);//设置提示条字体font = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);chart.getLegend().setItemFont(font);//得到绘图区CategoryPlot plot = (CategoryPlot) chart.getPlot();//得到绘图区的域轴(横轴),设置标签的字体plot.getDomainAxis().setLabelFont(font);//设置横轴标签项字体plot.getDomainAxis().setTickLabelFont(font);//设置范围轴(纵轴)字体plot.getRangeAxis().setLabelFont(font);plot.setForegroundAlpha(1.0f);return chart;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return null;}}}

5. 补充

上图是在excel中创建图表的简单方式。具体样式或者构造图表的方法可以参考API自行定义。参考链接：/jfreechart/api/javadoc/org/jfree/chart/ChartFactory.html
https://www.open-/wenku/tag/jfreechart.html

原文作者：AdoredU

链接：/p/6c4f3832c396

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