柑橘属包括一些世界上最重要的栽培果树。由于其商业价值被广泛研究，但栽培柑橘品种的起源和驯化历史仍然是一个亟待解决的问题。本文对34个柑橘属植物叶绿体基因组进行了系统发育分析，该研究是迄今为止对柑橘属植物的进化和变异进行的最全面和详细的研究。运用统计模型估计主要柑橘属植物的分化时间，此外，绘制了一幅完整的不同柑橘属植物叶绿体基因组变异图谱，包括单核苷酸变异、异质变异位置、插入和删除及大型结构变体。所有这些变量的分布为系统发育提供了进一步的独立支持。其中一个意想不到的发现：基因组中发现高水平的异质性。完整的叶绿体基因组不仅有利于理解柑橘属植物系统发育关系，同时为难以捉摸的植物进化过程提供了独到的见解，如叶绿体遗传、异质体和基因选择。
杂志介绍：Journal：Molecular biology and evolution IF:14.79
原标题，作者及摘要
APhylogenetic Analysis of 34 Chloroplast Genomes Elucidates the Relationshipsbetween Wild and Domestic Species within the Genus Citrus.
JoseCarbonell-Caballero,1 Roberto Alonso,1 Victoria Iba~nez,2Javier Terol,2 Manuel Talon,2 and
JoaquinDopazo*,1,3
1Computational Genomics Department, Centro de Investigacion Prıncipe Felipe(CIPF), Valencia, Spain
2 Centro deGenomica, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Valencia,Spain
3Functional Genomics Node, Spanish National Institute of Bioinformatics at CIPF,Valencia, Spain
Citrus genus includes someof the most important cultivated fruit trees worldwide. Despite beingextensively studied because of its commercial relevance, the origin ofcultivated citrus species and the history of its domestication still remain anopen question. Here, we present a phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplastgenomes of 34 citrus genotypes which constitutes the most comprehensive and detailedstudy to date on the evolution and variability of the genus Citrus. Astatistical model was used to estimate divergence times between the majorcitrus groups. Additionally, a complete map of the variability across thegenome of different citrus species was produced, including single nucleotidevariants, heteroplasmic positions, indels (insertions and deletions), and largestructural variants. The distribution of all these variants provided furtherindependent support to the phylogeny obtained. An unexpected finding was thehigh level of heteroplasmy found in several of the analyzed genomes. The use ofthe complete chloroplast DNA not only paves the way for a better understandingof the phylogenetic relationships within the Citrus genus but also providesoriginal insights into other elusive evolutionary processes, such aschloroplast inheritance, heteroplasmy, and gene selection.
解读人：田丽霞
